关键词: 结核,肺, 糖尿病, 共病现象, 流行病学研究特征(主题), 对比研究

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of tuberculosis patients complicated with diabetes registered in the Tuberculosis Outpatient Department of Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis-diabetes comorbidity. Methods: The epidemiological characteristics of 261 tuberculosis patients complicated with diabetes registered in the Tuberculosis Outpatient Department of Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control from 2014 to 2021 were descriptively compared with those of 1839 patients with tuberculosis alone during the same period, including gender, age, treatment classification, discovery method, positive rate of etiology, smear positive rate, culture positive rate, drug resistance rate of rifampicin, sputum smear negative conversion rate at the end of the 2nd month, treatment success rate, delay rate of visit and diagnosis,time interval of visit and diagnosis. Results: The rate of retreatment in patients with tuberculosis combined with diabetes (16.48% (43/261)) was significantly higher than that in patients with tuberculosis alone (8.70% (160/1839), χ²=15.822,P<0.001), and the proportion of active detection (7.28% (19/261)) was significantly lower than that of simple tuberculosis (13.05% (240/1839), χ²=7.040,P<0.01). The positive rate of etiology in patients with tuberculosis combined with diabetes (65.90% (172/261))was significantly higher than that in patients with tuberculosis alone (35.07% (645/1839), χ²=91.381, P<0.001). Sputum smear negative conversion rate at the end of 2nd month and treatment success rate in patients with tuberculosis combined with diabetes were lower than those of patients with simple tuberculosis (84.62% (110/130) vs. 91.15% (412/452), χ²=4.663, P=0.031; 80.46% (210/261) vs. 87.71% (1613/1839),χ²=10.495,P=0.001).There was no significant difference in the drug resistance rate of rifampicin (3.07% (8/261) vs. 1.41% (26/1839), χ²=2.945,P=0.086).The visit delay rate and the visit time of patients with tuberculosis combined with diabetes were significantly higher than those of patients with simple tuberculosis (52.87% (138/261) vs. 42.09% (774/1839), χ²=10.822, P=0.001; 16 (2, 53) d vs. 9 (0,37) d, U=2.775, P=0.006).There were no significant differences in diagnosis delay rate and diagnosis time (32.57% (85/261) vs. 31.92% (587/1839), χ²=0.044,P=0.834; 7 (0,24) d vs. 7 (1,20) d, U=0.167,P=0.867). Conclusion: Patients with tuberculosis complicated with diabetes had the characteristics of high positive rate of etiology, high retreatment rate, high delay rate in treatment, long interval between visits,low active detection rate, low sputum smear negative conversion rate and low success rate of treatment.

Key words: Tuberculosis,pulmonary, Diabetes mellitus, Comorbidity, Epidemiologic study characteristics as topic, Comparative study