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中国防痨杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (3): 338-347.doi: 10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20240508

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2005—2020年中国60岁及以上老年人群肺结核疾病负担研究

张梦迪1, 王琦琦2, 王鑫1, 郑文静2, 孙雯珊1, 肖依然2, 郭晓敏3, 刘剑君4, 黄飞5(), 么鸿雁1()   

  1. 1中国疾病预防控制中心教育培训处(研究生院),北京 102206
    2中国疾病预防控制中心流行病学办公室(爱国卫生工作技术指导处),北京 102206
    3中国疾病预防控制中心后勤运营管理中心,北京 102206
    4中国防痨协会,北京 100010
    5中国疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制中心,北京 102206
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-15 出版日期:2025-03-10 发布日期:2025-02-27
  • 通信作者: 黄飞,Email:huangfei@chinacdc.cn;么鸿雁,Email:yaohy@chinacdc.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3603003);国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3603002)

Study on pulmonary tuberculosis disease burden in the elderly aged 60 and above in China, 2005—2020

Zhang Mengdi1, Wang Qiqi2, Wang Xin1, Zheng Wenjing2, Sun Wenshan1, Xiao Yiran2, Guo Xiaomin3, Liu Jianjun4, Huang Fei5(), Yao Hongyan1()   

  1. 1Office of Education and Training (Graduate School), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
    2Office of Epidemiology (Technical Guidance Office for Patriotic Health Work), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
    3Center for Logistics Management and Operations, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
    4Chinese Antituberculosis Association, Beijing 100010, China
    5Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
  • Received:2024-11-15 Online:2025-03-10 Published:2025-02-27
  • Contact: Huang Fei, Email: huangfei@chinacdc.cn;Yao Hongyan, Email: yaohy@chinacdc.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC3603003);National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC3603002)

摘要:

目的: 分析2005—2020年中国60岁及以上老年人群肺结核疾病负担,为制定合理有效的防控措施提供依据。方法: 从“中国结核病信息管理系统”“全国疾病监测系统”和“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”中分别收集2005—2020年中国60岁及以上老年人群肺结核的发病、死亡和人口数据,利用DisMod Ⅱ模型估算患病率,并计算因肺结核造成的伤残调整寿命年(DALYs)。分析标化发病率、患病率、死亡率、DALYs率和DALYs等疾病负担指标的时间变化趋势,以及DALYs率/标化DALYs率在不同性别、年龄和地区人群中的分布特征。结果: 2005—2020年中国60岁及以上老年人群肺结核标化发病率(从2005年的174.60/10万下降至2020年的84.73/10万)、标化患病率(从2005年的1117.00/10万下降至2020年的605.60/10万)、标化死亡率(从2005年的35.44/10万下降至2020年的6.67/10万)、标化DALYs率(从2005年的972.90/10万下降至2020年的276.76/10万)均呈下降趋势(AAPC值分别为-4.59%、-3.90%、-10.11%和-7.11%,P值均<0.001)。16年间老年肺结核所致的DALYs合计1478.50万人年,其中,男性DALYs为1070.18万人年,标化DALYs率从2005年的1433.14/10万下降至2020年的426.85/10万,年均下降7.08%(AAPC=-7.08%,P<0.001);女性DALYs为408.32万人年,标化DALYs率从2005年的549.10/10万下降至2020年的140.20/10万,年均下降7.36%(AAPC=-7.36%,P<0.001)。除85岁以上组以外,60~64岁、65~69岁、70~74岁、75~79岁和80~84岁年龄组的DALYs率(分别由2005年的766.51/10万、962.88/10万、1198.22/10万、1213.31/10万和1024.62/10万下降至2020年的196.99/10万、250.27/10万、316.11/10万、379.65/10万和389.89/10万),均呈明显下降趋势(AAPC值分别为-7.73%、-8.33%、-7.50%、-6.12%、-5.60%,P值均<0.001)。老年肺结核所致标化DALYs率在城市的下降幅度(AAPC=-6.54%,P<0.001)稍低于农村地区(AAPC=-6.89%,P<0.001),西部地区(AAPC=-6.04%,P<0.001)低于东部(AAPC=-7.07%,P<0.001)和中部地区(AAPC=-7.63%,P<0.001)。结论: 2005—2020年中国60岁及以上老年人群肺结核标化发病率、患病率、死亡率、DALYs率均呈下降趋势,但整体负担仍然较重。不同人群的疾病负担水平及下降趋势不同,其中,DALYs及标化DALYs率均表现为男性高于女性、农村高于城市、西部地区高于中部和东部,但二者的降幅均表现为男性低于女性、农村高于城市、西部地区低于东部和中部。今后应加强对老年人群、男性、西部重点地区的关注,并根据不同地区人群的疫情特点,探索更加精准科学的策略措施。

关键词: 结核, 疾病负担, 老年人

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the disease burden caused by pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in the elderly aged 60 and above in China from 2005 to 2020 to provide reference for developing reasonable and effective measures of TB control and prevention. Methods: Data related to PTB incidence, mortality, and demographic among the elderly aged 60 and above in China from 2005 to 2020 were collected from the Tuberculosis Management Information System, the National Disease Surveillance Points System and the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System respectively. DisMod Ⅱ model was used to estimate the prevalence and calculate disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributed to PTB. The temporal trends of PTB disease burden including standardized incidence, prevalence, mortality, DALYs rate and DALYs were analyzed, as well as the distribution characteristics of DALYs rate/standardized DALYs rate in different gender, region, and age. Results: From 2005 to 2020, the age-standardized incidence, prevalence, mortality and DALYs rates of PTB among the elderly aged 60 and above in China showed downward trend. The age-standardized incidence decreased from 174.60/100000 in 2005 to 84.73/100000 in 2020 (AAPC=-4.59%, P<0.001); the age-standardized prevalence declined from 1117.00/100000 in 2005 to 605.60/100000 in 2020 (AAPC=-3.90%, P<0.001); the age-standardized mortality fell from 35.44/100000 in 2005 to 6.67/100000 in 2020 (AAPC=-10.11%, P<0.001); and the age-standardized DALYs rates reduced from 972.90/100000 in 2005 to 276.76/100000 in 2020 (AAPC=-7.11%, P<0.001). The total DALYs attributed to PTB in the elderly was 14785000 person-years during 16 years, with 10701800 for males and 4083200 for females. The age-standardized DALYs rates attributed to PTB in elderly males decreased from 1433.14/100000 in 2005 to 426.85/100000 in 2020 (AAPC=-7.08%, P<0.001), and in elderly females decreased from 549.10/100000 in 2005 to 140.20/100000 in 2020 (AAPC=-7.36%, P<0.001). An obvious declining trend was observed in the age group of 60-64, 65-69, 70-74, 75-79, and 80-84 (which decreased from 766.51/100000, 962.88/100000, 1198.22/100000, 1213.31/100000, and 1024.62/100000 in 2005 to 196.99/100000, 250.27/100000, 316.11/100000, 379.65/100000, and 389.89/100000 in 2020, respectively) except for the group of 85 and above (with AAPC values of -7.73%, -8.33%, -7.50%, -6.12%, -5.60%, and Ps<0.001). The standardized DALYs rates attributed to PTB among the elderly in China decreased slightly less in urban areas (AAPC=-6.54%, P<0.001) than in rural areas (AAPC=-6.89%, P<0.001). Additionally, the western region showed a smaller decline (AAPC=-6.04%, P<0.001) compared with the eastern (AAPC=-7.07%, P<0.001) and central regions (AAPC=-7.63%, P<0.001). Conclusion: From 2005 to 2020, the declining trend occurred among the age-standardized incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs rates of PTB in the elderly aged 60 and above in China, but the overall disease burden remained heavily. Disease burden levels and decline trends varied across populations. DALYs and age-standardized DALYs rates in males were higher than that in females, rural areas higher than urban areas, and western region higher than central and eastern regions. The decline of DALYs and standardized DALYs rates in males were lower than that in females, urban areas higher than rural areas, western region higher than eastern and central regions. More attention should be paid on the elderly, males and the western region, and more precise and scientific strategic measures should be explored based on the epidemic characteristics of different regions and populations in the future.

Key words: Tuberculosis, Disease burden, Aged

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