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中国防痨杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 318-324.doi: 10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20230405

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

“一带一路”共建国家结核病流行及控制现状分析

舒薇1, 郭宇荪2, 李姗姗3, 逄宇3, 刘宇红1(), 梅扬4()   

  1. 1首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院/北京市结核病胸部肿瘤研究所/中国疾病预防控制中心结核病防治临床中心,北京 101149
    2中国医科大学第一临床学院,沈阳 110001
    3首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院/北京市结核病胸部肿瘤研究所细菌免疫研究室,北京 101149
    4中国疾病预防控制中心,北京 102206
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-11 出版日期:2024-03-10 发布日期:2024-03-05
  • 通信作者: 梅扬, Email: meiyang@chinacdc.cn;刘宇红,Email:liuyuhong0516@126.com
  • 作者简介:注:郭宇荪与舒薇对本研究有同等贡献,为并列第一作者
  • 基金资助:
    中华预防医学会加强重大传染病防控的政策倡导项目(INV-035022);北京市卫生健康委员会高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目(学科带头人-01-11)

Analysis of tuberculosis prevalence and control along the China-Proposed Belt and Road Initiative

Shu Wei1, Guo Yusun2, Li Shanshan3, Pang Yu3, Liu Yuhong1(), Mei Yang4()   

  1. 1Clinical Center on TB Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China
    2The First Clinical College of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
    3Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China
    4Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100026, China
  • Received:2023-11-11 Online:2024-03-10 Published:2024-03-05
  • Contact: Mei Yang, Email: meiyang@chinacdc.cn; Liu Yuhong,Email: liuyuhong0516@126.com
  • Supported by:
    Chinese Preventive Medicine Association’s Policy Advocacy for Improving Prevention and Control of Major Infectious Diseases(INV-035022);Beijing Municipal Health Commission High Level Public Health Talent Construction Project(Discipline Leader 01-11)

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摘要：

目的: 分析“一带一路”共建国家2021年结核病(TB)的流行现状、患者发现及治疗转归等控制相关情况。方法: 选择与我国签署了共建“一带一路”合作文件的151个国家作为研究对象;数据资料来源于2022年全球结核病年报。分析151个国家2021年发病和死亡负担,以及患者发现及治疗转归。结果: 2021年151个国家总人口为36.91亿,约占全球总人口的46.84%。结核病发病患者为645.70万例,占全球总发病患者数的60.92%,发病率为174.94/10万;人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染阴性死亡患者数为81.62万例,占全球结核病总死亡患者的59.14%;耐多药/利福平耐药结核病(MDR/RR-TB)发病患者为26.37万例,占全球患者总例数的58.59%。TB/HIV患者为61.17万例,占全球87.01%;死亡患者为16.51万例,占全球88.32%。结核病发病和死亡主要分布在亚洲和非洲国家,且有8个国家为结核病、MDR/RR-TB、TB/HIV三项高负担国家。151个“一带一路”共建国家结核病患者发现率仅为56.00%,明显低于我国75.04%的发现率水平,也低于全球60.70%的平均水平。报告的肺结核患者经实验室诊断的比例为63.00%,与全球平均水平(63.47%)接近。151个国家中,仅有68个国家新发和复发患者治疗成功率≥85%;仅有19个国家复治结核病治疗成功率≥85%。结论: 依托“一带一路”合作框架,建立不同疫情国家结核病防控经验的交流与合作机制,强化国家间传染病信息交流与共享,建立现代化国境检验检疫机制,不断降低各国结核病的流行。

关键词: 结核, 流行病学, 传染病控制, 一带一路

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze current situation around tuberculosis (TB) control and prevention for counties along the “Belt and Road” in 2021, which includes information on TB epidemic, case finding, treatment outcomes et al. Methods: Of 151 countries that officially signed Belt and Road Initiative cooperation document with China were included in our study. Relevant data were collected from the Global Tuberculosis Report released by WHO in 2022. Data on TB incidence, mortality, case detection, and treatment outcome were analyzed. Results: The entire population of 151 countries was 3.691 billion, accounting for 46.84% of the global population. The total number of estimated TB cases of 151 countries in 2021 was 6.4570 million, which contributes to 60.92% of global burden. The incidence rate was 174.94 per 100000. The number of TB death among HIV-negative patients was 816.2 thousand (59.14% of global total). The estimated number of new cases with multidrug-resistant or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) was 263.7 thousand (58.59% of global total). The number of HIV-related tuberculosis patients was 611.7 thousand and the death from HIV-positive TB cases was 165.1 thousand, which accounted for 87.01% and 88.32% of global total respectively. Majority of TB incident cases and deaths were in Asian and African countries and 8 of them belong to WHO defined high burden countries of TB, MDR/RR-TB, and TB/HIV. The overall case detection rate of the Belt and Road countries were 56.00% which was significantly lower than Chinese level of 75.04% and the global level of 60.70%. 63.00% of notified TB cases were diagnosed by laboratory tests, which was close to the global average (63.47%). Out of 151 countries, only 68 countries and 19 countries achieved ≥85% of treatment success rate for newly diagnosed or relapsed patients and retreated cases respectively. Conclusion: The experience exchange and cooperation mechanism for tuberculosis control and prevention between countries should be established on the platform of Belt and Road. It is needed to strengthen information sharing on infectious disease among countries, to build-up modern frontier inspection mechanism, and to constantly reduce the prevalence of tuberculosis.

Key words: Tuberculosis, Epidemiology, Communicable disease control, Belt and road

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