Email Alert | RSS    帮助

中国防痨杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 375-382.doi: 10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20230434

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

肺结核患者家庭内学生密切接触者结核分枝杆菌感染状况调查

徐晨怡1, 陈卉1, 钟吉元2, 丁晓艳3, 杨蕊4, 徐向超5, 张灿有1, 成君1(), 李涛1()   

  1. 1中国疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制中心,北京 102206
    2重庆市结核病防治所,重庆 400050
    3江苏省疾病预防控制中心慢性传染病防制所,南京 210009
    4云南省疾病预防控制中心结核病防治所,昆明 650022
    5湖北省宜都市疾病预防控制中心,宜都 443300
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-08 出版日期:2024-04-10 发布日期:2024-04-01
  • 通信作者: 成君,李涛 E-mail:chengjun@chinacdc.cn;litao1@chinacdc.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家疾病预防控制局传防司委托项目(学校结核病疫情综合干预策略研究);2024年结核病预防控制项目

Investigation on the status of tuberculosis infection among household student close contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis patients

Xu Chenyi1, Chen Hui1, Zhong Jiyuan2, Ding Xiaoyan3, Yang Rui4, Xu Xiangchao5, Zhang Canyou1, Cheng Jun1(), Li Tao1()   

  1. 1National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
    2Institute of Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment of Chongqing, Chongqing 400050,China
    3Department of Chronic Communicable Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210009,China
    4Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Institute, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
    5Disease Prevention and Control Center for Yidu City, Hubei Province, Yidu 443300,China
  • Received:2023-12-08 Online:2024-04-10 Published:2024-04-01
  • Contact: Cheng Jun,Li Tao E-mail:chengjun@chinacdc.cn;litao1@chinacdc.cn
  • Supported by:
    Study on Comprehensive Intervention Strategies for TB in Schools funded by Department of Infectious Diseases Control, National Disease Control and Prevention Administration;Tuberculosis Control and Prevention Program 2024

摘要:

目的:分析肺结核患者家庭内学生密切接触者结核分枝杆菌感染状况及其影响因素。方法:以2021年1月1日至12月31日在江苏省宝应县和张家港市、湖北省宜都市、重庆市彭水苗族土家族自治县和云南省昭通市昭阳区5个县(区)登记的活动性肺结核患者家庭内学生密切接触者为研究对象,开展结核菌素皮肤试验(tuberculin skin test,TST),调查人口学特征,并通过全民健康保障信息化工程疾病预防控制信息系统收集其指示病例的基本信息和诊断信息,分析结核分枝杆菌感染的相关因素。结果:477例指示病例共有686名家庭内学生密切接触者,TST检测总体接受率为92.27%(633/686),各县(区)之间的接受率差异有统计学意义(χ2=57.781,P<0.001),以宝应县为最高(100.00%,35/35)。家庭内学生密切接触者总体感染率为14.85%(94/633,95%CI:11.85%~17.85%),强阳性率为5.06%(32/633),各县(区)之间的差异均有统计学意义(χ2=35.800,P<0.001;Fisher确切概率法, P=0.029)。单因素分析结果显示,≥15岁年龄组[23.47%(23/98);95%CI:13.88%~33.06%]、就读于高中及以上学校[26.09%(18/69);95%CI:14.04%~38.14%]、住在宜都市[33.33%(28/84);95%CI:20.99%~45.68%]、指示病例诊断延迟[18.37%(52/283);95%CI:13.38%~23.37%]的家庭内学生密切接触者感染率更高;多因素logistic回归分析显示,在调整混杂因素后,指示病例诊断延迟的家庭内学生密切接触者的感染风险是指示病例无诊断延迟者的1.586倍(95%CI:1.016~2.476)。结论:活动性肺结核患者家庭内学生密切接触者的结核分枝杆菌感染率较高,尤其是指示病例诊断延迟的家庭内学生密切接触者,应及时开展筛查并采取后续干预措施。

关键词: 结核,肺, 学生, 接触者追踪, 结核菌素皮肤试验, 因素分析,统计学

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze tuberculosis (TB) infection and influencing factors in household close contacts of active pulmonary TB patients who studies in local schools (HCCSs). Methods: All HCCSs registered in Baoying County and Zhangjiagang City in Jiangsu Province, Yidu City in Hubei Province, Pengshui County in Chongqing City, and Zhaoyang District of Zhaotong City in Yunnan Province from January 1 to December 31 in 2021 were included into this investigation. Tuberculin skin test (TST) was carried out and demographic characteristics were collected for every participant, and demographic and diagnostic information of their index cases were also collected from Chinese Tuberculosis Information Management System (TBIMS), by which factors associated with TB infection among HCCSs were analyzed. Results: Totally 686 HCCSs were included for 477 active pulmonary TB patients. Overall acceptance rate of TST for these HCCSs was 92.27% (633/686).The differences of TST acceptance rates between counties/districts were statistically significant (χ2=57.781, P<0.001), with the highest rate in Baoying County (100.00%, 35/35). The overall TB infection rate and strong positive rate of TST among HCCSs were 14.85% (94/633; 95%CI: 11.85%-17.85%) and 5.06% (32/633), respectively, with statistically significant differences between counties/districts (χ2=35.800, P<0.001;Fisher exact probability method,P=0.029). The results of univariate analysis showed that HCCS aged 15 years old and above ((23.47% (23/98); 95%CI:13.88%-33.06%)), studying in high schools and colleges ((26.09% (18/69); 95%CI:14.04%-38.14%)), living in Yidu City ((33.33% (28/84); 95%CI:20.99%-45.68%)), and contacting with TB patients with diagnosis delay ((18.37% (52/283); 95%CI:13.38%-23.37%)) had a higher prevalence rate of TB infection. In multifactorial logistic regression, diagnosis delay of index cases was founded to be associated with TB infection of HCCSs. After adjusting confounding factors, HCCSs contacted with TB patients with diagnosis delay had a higher TB infection risk than those contacted with TB patients without diagnosis delay, with OR (95%CI) being 1.586 (1.016-2.476). Conclusion: High TB infection rate exists in HCCSs, especially those contacted with active pulmonary TB patients with diagnosis delay. Our study showed timely screening and following intervention is necessary for HCCSs.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Student, Contact tracing, Tuberculin skin test, Factor analysis,statistical

中图分类号: