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中国防痨杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (11): 1442-1453.doi: 10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20250393

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国肺结核患者就诊延迟情况的Meta分析

李欣霖1, 万彬2(), 赵霞2, 何婷2, 张淼3, 姚蓉3, 余巧林3, 代莉3   

  1. 1成都中医药大学护理学院,成都 610075
    2成都市公共卫生临床医疗中心护理部,成都 610066
    3成都市公共卫生临床医疗中心结核科,成都 610066
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-28 出版日期:2025-11-10 发布日期:2025-10-30
  • 通信作者: 万彬 E-mail:673971566@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    四川省医学会医学科研项目(S2024036);四川省卫生健康委员会科技项目(24QNMP049)

Meta-analysis of patient delay among tuberculosis patients in China

Li Xinlin1, Wan Bin2(), Zhao Xia2, He Ting2, Zhang Miao3, Yao Rong3, Yu Qiaolin3, Dai Li3   

  1. 1School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
    2Department of Nursing, Chengdu Public Health Clinical Medical Center, Chengdu 610066, China
    3Department of Tuberculosis, Chengdu Public Health Clinical Medical Center, Chengdu 610066, China
  • Received:2025-09-28 Online:2025-11-10 Published:2025-10-30
  • Contact: Wan Bin E-mail:673971566@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    Sichuan Medical Association Medical Research Project(S2024036);Health Commission of Sichuan Province Medical Science and Technology Program(24QNMP049)

摘要:

目的: 系统评价中国肺结核患者的就诊延迟情况,为优化肺结核防控策略、提升医疗服务效率提供依据。方法: 检索PubMed、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library、Embase、中国知网、万方数据库、维普网等数据库,提取有关中国肺结核患者就诊延迟率的相关文献,检索时间为建库至2025年1月。由2名评价员独立筛选文献、提取资料,并对纳入的文献进行质量评价,采用Stata 15.0软件进行Meta分析。结果: 共纳入39篇文献,其中中文文献31篇,英文文献8篇;共纳入肺结核患者918828例,其中544839例研究对象发生就诊延迟。 结果显示,中国肺结核患者就诊延迟率为52.2%(95%CI:48.9%~55.5%)。经分析可得,年龄≥60岁(OR=1.32,95%CI:1.30~1.34,P=0.001),职业为工人/农民(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.24~1.32,P=0.001)、家务及待业(OR=1.44,95%CI:1.35~1.53,P=0.001)、学生/散居儿童(OR=1.65,95%CI:1.46~1.82,P=0.001),被动发现(OR=3.24,95%CI:3.22~3.26,P=0.001),治疗类型为复治(OR=1.04,95%CI:1.01~1.07,P=0.001),病原学结果为阳性(OR=1.26,95%CI:1.24~1.27,P=0.001)均是肺结核患者发生就诊延迟的危险因素。结论: 中国肺结核患者就诊延迟率仍处于较高水平,应制定相关公共卫生策略以应对就诊延迟问题。

关键词: 结核, 肺, 诊断, 延迟, Meta分析(主题)

Abstract:

Objective: This systematic review aims to evaluate the patient delay among pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients in China, providing a robust basis for optimizing PTB prevention and control strategies and improving the efficiency of healthcare services. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang Database, VIP database, and other databases were searched to extract relevant literature on patient delay rate among Chinese PTB patients, with the search period as from database inception to January 2025. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the included literature. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 15.0 software. Results: A total of 39 studies were included, comprising 31 Chinese-language articles and 8 English-language articles. These studies included 918828 PTB patients, among whom 544839 experienced patient delay. The results showed that the patient delay rate among Chinese PTB patients was 52.2% (95%CI: 48.9%-55.5%). Analysis revealed that age≥60 years (OR=1.32, 95%CI: 1.30-1.34, P=0.001), occupation being workers and farmers (OR=1.28, 95%CI: 1.24-1.32, P=0.001), homemakers and unemployed individuals (OR=1.44, 95%CI: 1.35-1.53, P=0.001), students/children (OR=1.65, 95%CI: 1.46-1.82, P=0.001), being passively detected with PTB (OR=3.24, 95%CI: 3.22-3.26, P=0.001), retreatment (OR=1.04, 95%CI: 1.01-1.07, P=0.001), with positive etiological results (OR=1.26, 95%CI: 1.24-1.27, P=0.001) were risk factors for patient delay in PTB patients. Conclusion: The patient delay rate among Chinese PTB patients remains at a high level. Relevant public health strategies should be developed to address the issue of patient delay.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Diagnosis, Delayed, Meta-analysis as topic

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