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中国防痨杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (11): 1213-1217.doi: 10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20220320

• 短篇论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

北京市两所中学在校学生结核病防治核心知识知晓率调查

马千慧1, 尚希钰2, 纪鑫毓2, 郭旸2, 谢娜1, 金阿宁3(), 马艳2()   

  1. 1首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院/北京市结核病胸部肿瘤研究所人力资源处,北京 101149
    2中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所,北京 100700
    3国家中医药管理局中医师资格认证中心,北京 100120
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-17 出版日期:2022-11-10 发布日期:2022-11-03
  • 通信作者: 金阿宁,马艳 E-mail:mayan0825@sina.com;jinaning@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    通州区高层次人才发展支持计划领军人才(YHLD2017002);首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院种子计划(JH21-5)

Investigation on the core knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control among students in two middle school in Beijing

Ma Qianhui1, Shang Xiyu2, Ji Xinyu2, Guo Yang2, Xie Na1, Jin Aning3(), Ma Yan2()   

  1. 1Human Resources Department, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China
    2Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
    3Chinese Medicine Qualification Center of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100120, China
  • Received:2022-08-17 Online:2022-11-10 Published:2022-11-03
  • Contact: Jin Aning,Ma Yan E-mail:mayan0825@sina.com;jinaning@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    Tongzhou District High-Level Talent Development Support Program-Leading Talents(YHLD2017002);Seed Program of Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University(JH21-5)

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摘要：

为了解北京在校中学生结核病防治核心知识的知晓情况,笔者于2019年5月17—31日,采用调查问卷的形式,对北京市丰台区2所中学的867名中学生开展结核病防治核心知识的调查。结果发现:调查对象对结核病防治8条核心信息的总知晓率为66.41%(4606/6936),全部知晓率为16.03%(139/867),全部不知晓率为10.96%(95/867)。在学校结核病防治8条核心信息中,调查对象对“养成勤开窗通风的习惯”的知晓率最高[82.47%(715/867)],对“出现肺结核可疑症状或被诊断为肺结核后,应当主动向学校报告,不隐瞒病情、不带病上课”的知晓率最低[43.94%(381/867)]。高中学生的总知晓率明显高于初中学生[68.12%(3259/4784) vs. 62.59%(1347/2152)],全部不知晓率明显低于初中学生[9.53%(57/598) vs.14.13%(38/269)],差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为23.020和4.014,P值分别为<0.001和0.045)。女生总知晓率高于男生[69.03%(2380/3448) vs.63.82%(2226/3488)],差异有统计学意义(χ2=20.840, P<0.001)。1.85%(16/867)的调查对象选择不和身边患结核病的邻居或同学来往;77.51%(672/867)的调查对象表示愿意参加预防结核病的宣传活动;接受过结核病宣传教育者仅占35.29%(306/867);学校(包括宣传栏、墙报、黑板报等)、网络和广播电视途径是调查对象最受欢迎的宣传途径[均占87.08%(755/867)]。可见,北京市中学生对学校结核病防治核心知识总知晓率不高,对不同核心知识掌握程度不均衡;应有针对性开展不同目标人群的结核病防治知识健康促进及宣传教育。

关键词: 结核, 学生, 健康知识, 态度, 实践, 问卷调查

Abstract:

To explore the core knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control among students in middle school in Beijing. From May 17 to 31, 2019, a questionnaire survey on the core knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control was conducted among 867 students in two middle schools in Fengtai District, Beijing. The results showed that the total awareness rate of the 8 core information of tuberculosis control was 66.41% (4606/6936), the awareness rate of all the core knowledge was 16.03% (139/867), and the awareness rate of none of the core knowledge was 10.96% (95/867). Among the 8 core information of the tuberculosis prevention and control in schools, “to develop the habit of frequently opening windows for ventilation” (82.47% (715/867)), while the lowest awareness rate was “After experiencing suspicious symptoms of tuberculosis or being diagnosed as tuberculosis, you should actively report to the school, not concealing the illness” (43.94% (381/867)). The total awareness rate of senior high school students was significantly higher than that of junior high school students (68.12% (3259/4784) vs. 62.59% (1347/2152); χ2=23.020, P<0.001). The awareness rate of none of the core knowledge of senior high school students was significantly lower than that of junior high school students (9.53% (57/598) vs.14.13% (38/269); χ2=4.014, P=0.045). The total awareness rate among females was higher than that of males (69.03% (2380/3448) vs.63.82% (2226/3488)), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=20.840, P<0.001). Of the respondents, 1.85% (16/867) chose not to interact with their neighbors or classmates with tuberculosis, 77.51% (672/867) expressed willingness to participate in tuberculosis prevention campaigns. Only 35.29% (306/867) had received tuberculosis education. Schools (including publicity board, wall newspaper, blackboard newspaper, etc.), the Internet and Radio and Television were the most popular publicity channels among students (accounted for 87.08% (755/867)). Therefore, middle school students in Beijing have low awareness of core knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and uneven mastery of different core knowledge. Health promotion and publicity and education of tuberculosis prevention and control should be carried out for different target groups.

Key words: Tuberculosis, Students, Health knowledge, attitudes, practice, Questionnaires

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