Abstract: Objective To study the early diagnosis and reasonable treatment of tuberculous epididymitis.Methods Retrospective analysis of 15 cases of one side tuberculous epididymitis which were confirmed by surgery and pathology. Results Epididymectomy was conducted in 15 and additional orchiectomy in 1.Before surgery 12 cases were misdiagnosed as chronic epididymitis.After surgery sinus was formed in 3 which were cured by anti TB therapy for one half year.No recurrence and remnant of tuberculous was found after 9 months to 7 years follow up.Conclusions tuberculous Epididymitis was easily misdiagnosed as epididymitis.It is helpfull for diagnosis of epididymitis tuberculous by ultrasonographically guided fine needle pucture.Anti TB chemotherapy is the first choice.Operation may be indicated if anti TB therapy is not effective.The remnant of vas deferens must be opened widely on the skin.The incision is not to be drained.Anti TB therapy must be continued after surgery.

Key words: Tuberculosis, epididymal, Diagnosis Treatment