Abstract:

Objective: To understand the clinical characteristics of chronic cavitary lung disease, and to explore the effect of surgery on it. Methods: Clinical data of 163 patients with chronic cavitary lung disease hospitalized in Thoracic Surgery Department of Xi’an Chest Hospital from June 2017 to June 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Among the 163 cases, there were 86 cases of cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis, 45 cases of cavitary pulmonary mycosis, and 32 cases of cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with fungal infection. Among them, 116 cases (71.2%) got hemoptysis, and 59 cases (36.2%) were sputum-positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. After operation, all hemoptysis cases stopped hemoptysis symptom, 56 cases had sputum conversion (negative-conversion rate was 94.9%), one case died of chest infection. Among the 116 hemoptysis cases, 51 cases had tuberculous cavities, 38 cases had fungal cavities, and 27 cases had tuberculosis combined with fungal cavities. Among the 51, 38 and 27 cases, 6, 1 and 2 cases were converted to thoracotomy due to intraoperative massive hemorrhage, respectively. Except for 2 cases with bronchopleural fistula and 1 case with chest infection were dead, 3 cases didn’t get their sputum converted to negative, all other patients had achieved good surgical results. Conclusion: For patients with chronic cavitary lung disease with clear surgical indications, elective surgical treatment can effectively solve hemoptysis and bacterial discharge problems after using antibiotics for at least 6 months; And it can shorten the course of chronic cavitary lung disease patients and significantly improve their quality of life.

Key words: Lung diseases, fungal, Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Pulmonary surgical procedures, Thoracoscopy, Treatment outcome