抗结核药物早期杀菌活性研究及进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2021.07.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

抗结核药物的早期杀菌活性反映药物进入血液和组织后杀灭代谢和增殖旺盛的结核分枝杆菌的能力,以实现早期控制疾病和降低传染性的目的。现有的比较成熟的药物早期杀菌活性的测定方法主要包括在固体培养基上进行痰液菌落计数及在液体培养基上测定确定阳性时间。通常情况下,两种方法的测定结果保持一致。早期杀菌活性研究目前是新型抗结核药物开发过程的重要组成部分,可以预测抗结核药物的杀菌活性,但其不能测定药物的灭菌活性,这只能根据常规临床试验治疗后的复发率或2个月的痰菌阴转率来估计。当前,结核病的流行情况严峻,治疗面临困难和挑战,迫切需要研发杀菌活性较高的新药来积极遏制结核分枝杆菌的生长以及结核病的传播。笔者拟从主要抗结核药品的早期杀菌活性及主要研究方法进行综述,旨在为更好的应用现有药物及新药研发提供参考。

关键词: 抗结核药, 分枝杆菌, 结核, 早期杀菌活性, 药物评价, 综述文献(主题)

Abstract:

The early bactericidal activity of anti-tuberculosis drugs reflects the ability to kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) with high metabolism and proliferation after entering the blood and tissues, to control the disease early and reduce the infectivity. Decurrently, commonly used methods for determining early bactericidal activity of drugs mainly include sputum colony forming units on solid medium and determining positive time on liquid medium. The results of the two methods are normally consistent. Early bactericidal activity research is currently an important part of the development of new anti-tuberculosis drugs, which can predict the bactericidal activity of the drug. However, it cannot measure the sterilization activity of the drug, which could only be estimated according to either the recurrence rate after routine clinical trials or the sputum conversion rate in 2 months. At present, the epidemic of tuberculosis is severe, and difficulties and challenges are found in the treatment. It is new drugs with high bactericidal activity are urgently to develop to actively inhibit the growth of MTB and the spread of tuberculosis. This review of the early bactericidal activity of the main anti-tuberculosis drugs and the main research methods aimed to provide reference for the better application of existing drugs and development of new drugs.

Key words: Antitubercular agents, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Early bactericidal activity, Drug evaluation, Review literature as topic

姚蓉, 陆宇. 抗结核药物早期杀菌活性研究及进展[J]. 中国防痨杂志, 2021, 43(7): 724-728. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2021.07.014

YAO Rong, LU Yu. Research and progress of early bactericidal activity of anti-tuberculosis drugs[J]. Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis, 2021, 43(7): 724-728. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2021.07.014

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