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中国防痨杂志 ›› 2010, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (9): 89-91.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

老年肺结核并发院内获得性肺炎危险因素和病原菌特点

张日东, 陈小燕, 冯通明   

  1. 广东省佛山市慢性病防治院,佛山
  • 出版日期:2010-09-20 发布日期:2010-09-20

Risk factors and pathogenic bacteria characteristics in the elderly with pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by HAP

Zhang Ridong,Chen Xiaoyan,Feng   

  1. Foshan Chronic Disease Center of Guangdong; Foshan 528000; China;
  • Online:2010-09-20 Published:2010-09-20
  • Contact: Zhang Ridong E-mail:fszhrd@163.com

摘要: 目的 探讨老年肺结核并发院内获得性肺炎危险因素和病原菌特点。 方法 对140例老年肺结核并发院内获得性肺炎的患者进行回顾性调查。 结果慢性肺部疾病、心脑血管疾病、糖尿病、恶性肿瘤、营养不良、应用广谱抗菌药物和住院天数>3周与院内获得性肺炎关系密切。在危险因素构成比率中,排在第一位的是慢性肺部疾病,其次是心脑血管疾病。院内获得性肺炎的病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,其中肺炎克雷伯菌占27.4%,铜绿假单胞菌占15.0%。 结论 积极干预危险因素对控制老年肺结核患者院内获得性肺炎尤为重要;老年肺结核院内获得性肺炎病原菌主要以革兰阴性杆菌为主条件致病菌,在未取得细菌药敏结果前可根据其病原菌分布特点经验性选择抗生素治疗。

关键词: 结核, 肺/并发症;肺炎;交叉感染;危险因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate risk factors and pathogenic bacteria characteristics in the elderly with pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by hospital-acquired pneumonia(HAP).  Methods We analyzed retrospectively 140 the elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by HAP.  Results HAP was closely related with chronic pulmonary disease, cadio-cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, malignant tumor, malnutrition, using broad spectrum antibiotic, and hospitalization more than three weeks. The major pathogenic bacteria of HAP was gram negative bacilli.Klebsiella pneumoniaeandpseudomonas aeruginosawere the most common bacilli. Conclusion It is important for intervention of risk factors to control HAP in the elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The common pathogenic bacteria of HAP in the elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis is gram negative bacilli. Empirical therapy with antibiotics can be given according to the pathogenic bacteria characteristics before acquring Results of drug sensitivity test.

Key words: tuberculosis, pulmonary/complication, pneumonia, cross infection, risk factors