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中国防痨杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (12): 1566-1572.doi: 10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20250282

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

赣州市学校结核病疫情肺结核患者接触者结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染现状及影响因素分析

谢添1, 王萌1(), 彭小梅2, 袁志平1, 王勇强1, 冯德安1, 郭会英1, 陈丽霞1   

  1. 1赣州市疾病预防控制中心(市卫生健康综合监督执法局)结核病预防控制科,赣州 341000
    2江西省疾病预防控制中心结核病防制科,南昌 330029
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-07 出版日期:2025-12-10 发布日期:2025-11-28
  • 通信作者: 王萌,Email:543670155@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    赣州市卫生健康委员会科研计划项目(GZWJW202402176)

Analysis on current status and influencing factors of latent tuberculosis infection among school tuberculosis epidemic contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Ganzhou City

Xie Tian1, Wang Meng1(), Peng Xiaomei2, Yuan Zhiping1, Wang Yongqiang1, Feng De'an1, Guo Huiying1, Chen Lixia1   

  1. 1Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Division, Ganzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Ganzhou Municipal Comprehensive Supervision and Law Enforcement Bureau of Health and Health), Ganzhou 341000, China
    2Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Division, Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang 330029, China
  • Received:2025-07-07 Online:2025-12-10 Published:2025-11-28
  • Contact: Wang Meng, Email:543670155@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    Ganzhou Municipal Health Commission Scientific Research Program Project(GZWJW202402176)

摘要:

目的: 分析赣州市学校肺结核患者校内接触者结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染(latent tuberculosis infection,LTBI)现状及影响因素,为优化学校结核病防控措施提供依据。方法: 采用回顾性研究方法,从全市各县(市、区)结核病防治机构收集2022年7月至2023年7月赣州市学校结核病疫情肺结核患者校内接触者的性别、年龄、有无肺结核可疑症状、筛查时间,以及重组结核杆菌融合蛋白(EC)筛查结果等临床基本信息,分析不同特征接触者的LTBI现状及发生LTBI的影响因素。结果: 2022年7月至2023年7月,赣州市共111起学校结核病疫情采用EC开展了接触者结核感染筛查,判定接触者6748名,6613名(98.00%)接触者接受了EC筛查,首次筛查检出6例肺结核患者、259例LTBI者;对3例及以上聚集性疫情班级的280名第一次EC阴性接触者3个月后进行EC复测,检出LTBI者7例,最终排除6例肺结核患者后的筛查者的LTBI率为4.03%(266/6607)。对6607名(例)筛查者的多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,发生LTBI的风险随年龄的增长而升高,即:15~19岁、20~24岁、25~34岁、35~44岁、45~54岁、55~69岁年龄组的OR(95%CI)值分别为2.865(1.528~5.372)、4.174(1.762~9.891)、14.301(2.649~77.201)、25.674(4.788~137.656)、39.642(7.018~223.909)、37.745(6.435~221.387);接触病原学阳性患者发生LTBI的风险明显高于接触病原学阴性患者[OR(95%CI)=1.468(1.110~1.940)]。结论: 接触病原学阳性患者是学校肺结核患者接触者发生LTBI的危险因素,且年龄越高发生LTBI的风险越大,应高度重视聚集性疫情防控中LTBI的动态监测及远期随访,尤其是高危人群。

关键词: 结核,肺, 学生,公共卫生, 接触者追踪, 因素分析,统计学, 赣州

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the current status and influencing factors of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among school tuberculosis (TB) epidemic contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients in Ganzhou City, and to provide a basis for optimizing TB prevention and control measures in school settings. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted utilizing clinical data collected from TB prevention and control institutions across all counties (cities and districts) of Ganzhou City between July 2022 and July 2023. Data included gender, age, presence of suspected TB symptoms, screening time, and results of the recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis fusion protein (EC) test among school contacts of PTB patients. The prevalence of LTBI and associated risk factors were analyzed among contacts with varying characteristics. Results: From July 2022 to July 2023, EC-based TB infection screening was conducted among contacts from 111 school TB outbreaks in Ganzhou City, involving 6748 identified contacts. Of these, 6613 (98.00%) underwent EC testing, which identified 6 active TB cases and 259 LTBI cases during the first round. Two hundred and eighty initially EC-negative contacts from classes with three or more TB cases were re-tested three months later, yielding 7 additional LTBI cases. Finally, the LTBI detection rate of the screened individuals was 4.03% (266/6607) after excluding 6 tuberculosis patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of 6607 screened individuals indicated that the risk of LTBI increased with age, with odds ratios (OR (95%CI)) of 2.865 (1.528-5.372) for ages 15-19, 4.174 (1.762-9.891) for ages 20-24, 14.301 (2.649-77.201) for ages 25-34, 25.674 (4.788-137.656) for ages 35-44, 39.642 (7.018-223.909) for ages 45-54, and 37.745 (6.435-221.387) for ages 55-69. Contacts of patients with positive bacteriological results had a significantly higher risk of LTBI compared with those in contact with bacteriologically negative patients (OR (95%CI)=1.468 (1.110-1.940)). Conclusion: Contact with etiologically positive tuberculosis patients is a significant risk factor for LTBI among school contacts, and the LTBI prevalence increases with age. Strengthening dynamic surveillance of latent infections and implementing sustained follow-up measures are essential to prevent and control clustered outbreaks, particularly among high-risk groups.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Students, public health, Contact tracing, Factor analysis, statistical, Ganzhou City

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