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中国防痨杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (10): 1326-1332.doi: 10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20250193

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于主题框架分析法的结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染预防性治疗影响因素研究——以石家庄市为例

师晓晶1, 王鑫2, 郭建花3,4(), 赵清冉5, 王雨涵5   

  1. 1石家庄科技职业学院医药工程系,石家庄 052165
    2华北理工大学公共卫生学院,唐山 063210
    3石家庄市疾病预防控制中心结核病防治所,石家庄 050011
    4河北省疑难病原研究重点实验室,石家庄 050011
    5河北医科大学公共卫生学院,石家庄 050017
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-09 出版日期:2025-10-10 发布日期:2025-09-29
  • 通信作者: 郭建花,Email:guoflowers@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    河北省医学适用技术跟踪项目计划(GZ2024087)

Research on influencing factors of preventive treatment of latent tuberculosis infection based on thematic analysis:Taking Shijiazhuang City as an example

Shi Xiaojing1, Wang Xin2, Guo Jianhua3,4(), Zhao Qingran5, Wang Yuhan5   

  1. 1Department of Medical Engineering,Shijiazhuang Science and Technology Career Academy, Shijiazhuang 052165, China
    2College of Public Health,North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210,China
    3Institute of Tuberculosis Prevention,Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
    4Hebei Key Laboratory of Intractable Pathogens,Shijiazhuang 050011, China
    5College of Public Health,Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017,China
  • Received:2025-05-09 Online:2025-10-10 Published:2025-09-29
  • Contact: Guo Jianhua,Email:guoflowers@163.com
  • Supported by:
    Hebei Medical Applicable Technology Tracking Project(GZ2024087)

摘要:

目的: 基于主题框架分析法分析结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染(latent tuberculosis infection,LTBI)预防性治疗政策实施的影响因素,为快速推进该项工作提供参考依据。方法: 采用目的抽样法,抽取2022—2023年度石家庄市预防性治疗工作各环节涉及的管理人员(30名)和同期常住该市的符合预防性治疗标准的LTBI者(75名)为研究对象,进行半结构式个人深入访谈,收集其对预防性治疗政策的认知和态度。采用主题框架分析法,使用MAXQDA 22.0软件进行归纳分析,经双人独立开放性编码、主轴性编码,构建LTBI预防性治疗影响因素主题框架,以编码一致性系数评价编码结果的可靠性;分析LTBI者和预防性治疗管理人员在总主题的响应频次差异。结果: 深入访谈105名研究对象,最终形成的LTBI预防性治疗影响因素主题框架包括:认知因素(95次)、决策支持(54次)、风险管理(48次)及政策经费(33次)4个总主题,涵盖8个分主题和230个类别。LTBI者和预防性治疗管理人员在总主题中的响应频次差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.097,P=0.004)。LTBI者、管理人员对LTBI和预防性治疗相关知识认知不足(46次),LTBI者不能获得有效决策支持(54次),存在治疗管理困难(21次),以及缺乏政策保障和资金支持(33次)直接影响预防性治疗工作的顺利开展。结论: 个体的认知水平和健康信念、决策支持的及时性与有效性、风险管理、政策与经费支持等影响预防性治疗的推广。

关键词: 分枝杆菌,结核, 分枝杆菌感染, 预防和防护用药, 因素分析,统计学

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze influencing factors of preventive treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) based on thematic analysis, to provide reference for rapid promotion of preventive treatment. Methods: A purposive sampling method was used to select 30 managers involved in all aspects of preventive treatment work in Shijiazhuang City from 2022 to 2023 and 75 latent tuberculosis infectors who met the preventive treatment standard and lived in the city during the same period as the research objects. Semi-structured in-depth individual interview was conducted to collect their understanding and attitude towards preventive treatment policy. Thematic analysis was conducted for summarization and analysis with software MAXQDA 22.0. Through double independent open coding and axial coding, a theme framework of influencing factors of LTBI preventive treatment was constructed, reliability of coding results was evaluated with coding consistency coefficient, then difference in response frequency on the overall theme between latent tuberculosis infectors and preventive treatment managers was analyzed. Results: In-depth interview with 105 subjects formed a final thematic framework of LTBI preventive treatment influencing factors which included four general themes: cognitive factors (95 times), decision support (54 times), risk management (48 times) and policy funds (33 times), covering 8 sub-themes and 230 categories. There was a statistically significant difference in the response frequencies of latent tuberculosis infectors and preventive treatment managers in the overall theme (χ2=13.097, P=0.004). Latent tuberculosis infectors and preventive treatment managers had insufficient knowledge of LTBI and preventive treatment (46 times), latent tuberculosis infectors cannot obtain effective decision support (54 times), difficulties in treatment management (21 times), and lack of policy and financial support (33 times) directly affected the smooth conduction of preventive treatment. Conclusion: Individual cognitive level and health beliefs, timeliness and effectiveness of decision support, risk management, policy and financial support affect the promotion of preventive treatment.

Key words: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium infections, Protective agents, Factor analysis, statistical

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