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Primary pulmonary TB misdiagnosed as pneumonia in children:a report of 33 cases Zhang Yang. Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health    2005, 27 (3): 168-171.   Abstract （1476）      PDF（pc） （2526KB）（91077）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To study misdiagnosed causes of primary TB to pneumonia.Method To analyze the clinical features,the films of chest X-ray,the reaction of tuberculin test in 33 cases,and find the differences between pneumonia and primary TB. Results General tuberculous intoxication symptoms such as subfebrile temperature, sweating ,indigestion, emaciation occurred in the cases. There were no high fever,shaking chills,tachypnea and three depression sign of pneumonia. Chest X-ray showed consolidation in lobar and segmental distribution. But see though the consolidation to get at the X-ray sign of primary TB in 21 cases. The positive result of tuberculin test supported the diagnosis of TB. Conclusion The misdiagnosis was happened, because the different clinical features were as neglected, the signs of chest-ray on primary TB was neglected, the tuberculin testing was not performed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The fifth national tuberculosis epidemiological survey in 2010 Technical Guidance Group of the Fifth National TB Epidemiological Survey；The Office of the Fifth National TB Epidemiological Survey Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health    2012, 34 (8): 485-508.   Abstract （9918）      PDF（pc） （3293KB）（69195）       Knowledge map    Save This survey aims to understand the prevalence status and trend of tuberculosis (TB) in China, and evaluate the implementation of National TB Control Programme (2001—2010). Multi-stage stratified cluster proportional random sampling method was used to select the survey population. People over 15 years old in sampled survey points were administered chest X-ray, those with suspected pulmonary TB symptoms or with suspected pulmonary TB lesion shown by X-ray were performed sputum smear and culture examination. All the bacterial strain obtained were performed drug susceptibility testing of anti-TB drugs. All active TB patients detected by this survey received the socio-economic and TB knowledge awareness questionnaire. This survey has following findings. First, the prevalence of active and smear positive was 459/100 000 and 66/100 000 respectively among population over 15 years old in 2010. Secondly, the prevalence in male was higher than in female, and gradually increase by age, peaked in 75-79 years old. Thirdly, the active and smear positive prevalence of pulmonary TB were 291/100 000 and 44/100 000 in eastern part of China, 463/100 000 and 60/100 000 in the middle part, 695/100 000 and 105/100 000 in western part, 569/100 000 and 78/100 000 in rural area, 307/100 000 and 49/100 000 in cities respectively. Fourth, the multi-drug resistance TB rate was 6.8% (19/280). Fifth, the general pulblic TB knowledge awareness rate was 57.0% (720 912/1 264 905). The sixth, the annual per capital net income of TB patient household was 3292 yuan, of those 66.8% of patients lower than 60% of nationwide per capita income. In compariton with the survey in 2000, the prevalence of smear positive pulmonary TB showed a downward trend among people over 15 years old, as well as in different age group and gender. However, the prevalence in rural area was higher than in cities, and western part also significantly higher than the middle and eastern parts. These findings indicated that although the TB prevalence has dropped, the TB burden especially for the multi-drug resistant TB is still very serious. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health    2013, 35 (4): 290-292.   Abstract （1032）      PDF（pc） （545KB）（67682）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of sputum-negative pulmonary tuberculosis: 3-case-report and literature review GU Ye，HAO Xiao-hui，SHEN Yun，LOU Hai，WANG Hao，XIAO He-ping，SHA Wei Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health    2014, 36 (12): 1084-1088.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2014.12.017 Abstract （2402）      PDF（pc） （1832KB）（33887）       Knowledge map    Save Objective Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) has been developed as a novel diagnostic tool of peripheral pulmonary nodules. To evaluate the potential value of ENB on diagnosis of sputum-negative pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), we presented 3 PTB cases who were diagnosed by ENB and then reviewed the relative literatures. Methods During July to September in 2014, 3 adults suspected for PTB underwent ENB at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital. The sputum smear and culture were repeatedly negative before ENB. And then the previous literatures were reviewed by searching Medline. From 2006 till now, 13 papers from clinical trials that were scientifically designed, containing >10 cases and completed data presented. Results All of 3 patients had been treated with standardized regimen for at least 4 months and had poor effects. CT showed that the lesions were located in the apicoposterior segment of the upper lobes, beyond the reach of conventional bronchoscopes. After being successfully navigated, the lesion locations were confirmed by peripheral ultrasound and specimens were sampled under X-ray assistant. The diagnosis yielded in all the cases with bacterial or pathologic technique. No procedure-rela-ted complications were observed. The results from previous research showed that the diagnose yield and accurate rate for peripheral pulmonary lesions by ENB were as high as 59.0%－98.0% and 59.0%－94.0%, respectively. For malignant lesions, the diagnostic accuracy reached 60.0%－89.5%.  However, little data is available about the clinical utilization of this technique in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Conclusion The ENB may have good applications in diagnosis of atypical pulmonary tuberculosis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the current human resource situation in the nationwide tuberculosis control and treatment organizations Xie Haibo,Zhang Hui,Li Xue,Wang Lixia,Jiang Shiwen Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health    2011, 33 (1): 12-15.   Abstract （1743）      PDF（pc） （874KB）（33819）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To describe the basic human resource situation in the nationwide TB control and treatment organizations, and to provide witness for future improved human resource building.   Methods All levels of the TB control and treatmentorganizations filled in the questionnaires in September to October in 2007, after the questionnaires aggregated, the provincial level organzationsreported the findings to the national center, finally the national center of TB control and prevention summarized and analyzed the data.  Results Though the numberof TB professionals has improved in some degree, the staff of the TB control and treatment organizations reached the requirements remained few. There was a shortage ofstaff members with high education and high technical title, and staff who understand the clinical informaton of TB control and prevention. The age structure of staff from some organization need further improvement. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Zhang Liqun, Xie Li, Liu Fei, Wu Xiaoguang Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health    2011, 33 (6): 391-392.   Abstract （2364）      PDF（pc） （967KB）（10365）       Knowledge map    Save Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Towards zero childhood tuberculosis deaths: are we ready？ LU Shui-hua Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health    2014, 36 (12): 1008-1010.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2014.12.002 Abstract （1495）      PDF（pc） （1085KB）（8991）       Knowledge map    Save According to WHO estimation, there are more than half a million cases of tuberculosis in children occurring globally each year. Every day, more than 200 children under the age of 15 die of tuberculosis—a disease that is curable. WHO chart the roadmap for childhood tuberculosis: towards zero deaths. However, diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis remains difficult because of the atypical clinical symptoms and lack of sputum production in young children. Rates of progression from latent infection to active disease (including severe forms of the disease, such as meningitis, disseminated disease, or death as a result of M. tuberculosis) are higher in infants and young children. China ranks second among the high-burden countries for tuberculosis, children tuberculosis epidemic situation in China is not optimistic. Only by focusing on the common challenges for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control of children tuberculosis, we can achieve the goal of zero tuberculosis deaths among children. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of weighted TOPSIS with RSR on comprehensive evaluation of tuberculosis control quality DENG Bin，PENG Jian-mei，LUO Lan- Jiao，WANG Lei Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health    2015, 37 (9): 960-965.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2015.05.009 Abstract （854）      PDF（pc） （889KB）（5032）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on national pulmonary tuberculosis epidemic characteristics of children under 14 years old LIU Er-yong, MA Yan, LI Tao, DU Xin, ZHOU Lin, CHENG Shi-ming Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health    2014, 36 (12): 1015-1020.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2014.12.004 Abstract （2239）      PDF（pc） （857KB）（4758）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To analyze the national characteristics and change trend of tuberculosis in children under the age of 14, provide the basis for children’s TB control strategies.  Methods We obtained the TB infection rate and the prevalence rate from the 1979, 1990 and 2000 national epidemiological sampling survey of tuberculosis. We also used pulmonary TB incidence data from 2001 to 2010 to analyze the trend of childhood TB incidence.  Results In 1979, the tuberculosis infection rate in children under 14 years old is 8.8%, and tuberculosis prevalence rate was 247.1/100 000, smear positive prevalence rate was 7.5/100 000. In 2000, these rates are 9.0%, 91.8/100 000 and 6.7/100 000 respectively. The national average children reported incidence of tuberculosis decreased from 9.3/100 000 （26 563/284 520 000）in 2001 to 4.0/100 000（9751/246 550 000） in 2010. In different age groups of children, in 2001, the 0－4 year old group was highest of 11.6/100 000（7995/68 970 000）. In 2010 the 10－14 year age group was highest to 7.3/100 000（5932/81 630 000）. The percentage of reported incidence cases of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis in tuberculosis cases among total population declined by year from 4.7%（26 563/570 527） in 2001 to 1.0%（9751/991 350） in 2010. Conclusion There has no decline in the children Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection rate nationwide; the prevalence of active tuberculosis and smear positive cases decreased rapidly; the reported incidence of childhood tuberculosis showed the decreasing trend. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Diagnostic value of a nanopore sequencing assay of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis Yan Xiaojing, Wang Qingfeng, Yang Yang, Chu Naihui, Nie Wenjuan Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis    2023, 45 (5): 487-492.   DOI: 10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20230036 Abstract （366）   HTML （29）    PDF（pc） （758KB）（4512）       Knowledge map    Save Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of a nanopore sequencing assay for testing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples from suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients. Methods: Fifty cases with suspected PTB from Beijing Chest Hospital from November 2021 to April 2022 were collected. These cases were diagnosed based on results of MGIT 960 culture, GeneXpert MTB/RIF testing and nanopore sequencing of BALF samples collected during hospitalization. Taking the final clinical diagnosis as the reference standard, diagnostic accuracies of the three assays were compared. Results: Among the 50 cases analysed in this study, 22 (44.0%) were diagnosed as tuberculosis, 10 (20.0%) non-tuberculous mycobacteria and 18 (36.0%) bacterial pneumonia. Taking the clinic diagnosis as the reference standard, the sensitivity of nanopore sequencing assay technology, MGIT 960 culture and Xpert assay were 72.7% (16/22), 27.3% (6/22) and 31.8% (7/22), respectively, the specificity were 78.6% (22/28), 75.0% (21/28) and 96.4% (27/28), respectively, the accuracy were 76.0% (38/50), 54.0% (27/50) and 68.0% (34/50), respectively, and the Yoden index was 0.51, 0.02 and 0.28, respectively. Conclusion: Nanopore sequencing assay of BALF samples may have better diagnostic performance than Xpert and MGIT 960 cultures, and may improve the positive detection rate of BALF in suspected PTB patients. But this method cannot exclude pulmonary tuberculosis. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical significance of cerebrospinal fluid adenosine deaminase and other biochemical markers in patients with tuberculous meningitis Yan-qiang CHEN,Li-ming ZHAO,Wei LI,Yi-zhe MENG,Hong-zhong BAI Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health    2019, 41 (7): 754-758.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2019.07.010 Abstract （598）   HTML （10）    PDF（pc） （792KB）（3367）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the biochemical test results of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) and their dynamic changes, and to explore its clinical significance for the diagnosis of the patients’ condition. Methods A total of 46 patients with definite or suspected TBM (Thwaites diagnostic criteria) who were admitted to the Department of Neurology, Chest Hospital of Hebei Province from January 2011 to September 2014, were enrolled in this study. CSF biochemical markers(chloride, protein, glucose, adenosine deaminase (ADA)), severity grading (Stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ, according to the Staging Standards of the British Medical Research Council (MRC))were recorded for correlation analysis. In addition, the dynamic changes of CFS biochemical markers and their clinical significance during the treatment were explored. Results CSF ADA level (M(Q1,Q3)) alone was significantly increased with the increase of MRC stage, which was 2.00 (1.00, 5.50) U/L in stage Ⅰ, 3.00 (2.00, 5.75) U/L in stage Ⅱ, and 7.50 (4.33, 10.00) U/L in stage Ⅲ (H=6.695, P=0.035). After pairwise comparisons between different stages, the CSF ADA and chloride levels (102.70 (98.10, 115.45) mmol/L) in patients with stage Ⅲ were significantly higher than those with stage Ⅰ (chloride 118.00 (111.80, 122.60) mmol/L) (U=13.609, P=0.033; U=2.122, P=0.035). CSF biochemical markers in 46 patients were gradually attenuated after standard treatment. The CSF chlorides were 118.10 (110.30, 121.55), 120.00 (115.93, 122.55), and 121.95 (117.78, 125.90) mmol/L at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after treatment, respectively. The levels of glucose were 2.48 (2.11, 2.91), 2.79 (2.31, 3.35), and 3.03 (2.49, 3.43) mmol/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than those on admission (114.75 (103.05, 118.55), 2.14 (1.67, 2.99) mmol/L), respectively (χ 2=34.103, 27.642; all P<0.01). In addition, at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after treatment, the levels of proteins were 0.62 (0.34, 0.93), 0.48 (0.26, 0.85), and 0.47 (0.27, 0.80) g/L, respectively and those of ADA were 2.50 (1.00, 5.25), 2.00 (1.00, 4.00), and 1.00 (1.00, 2.00) U/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than those on admission (0.95 (0.56, 1.34) g/L, and 3.50 (2.00, 7.25) U/L) (χ 2=29.221, 26.209; all P<0.01). In terms of the treatment process, as compared with the indicators on admission, there was no significant change in various indicators at 1 week after treatment (t=0.609, 0.565, 0.228, 0.359; all P>0.05). After 2 weeks after treatment, the indicators began to change remarkably (t=1.076, 1.239, 0.946, 0.761; all P<0.05). At 4 weeks after treatment, the indicators were also significantly higher than those on admission (t=1.489, 1.152, 1.261, 1.228; all P<0.01), whereas no significant difference were found in chloride, protein, glucose and ADA levels at the 2nd week after treatment (t=0.413, 0.087, 0.315, and 0.467, respectively; all P>0.05). Compared with the indicators at 1 week after treatment, the glucose and chloride levels at 4 weeks after treatment were significantly increased (t=1.033, P=0.001; t=0.880, P=0.006, respectively), and the level of ADA was significantly reduced (t=0.870, P=0.007), while there was no significant difference in the level of protein (t=0.587, P=0.175). Conclusion CSF ADA level is related to the severity of the disease. Therefore, dynamic measurement of CSF biochemical markers is helpful to evaluate the changes of TBM in patients. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health    2019, 41 (10): 1025-1073.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2019.10.001 Abstract （3142）   HTML （482）    PDF（pc） （2241KB）（3109）       Knowledge map    Save Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health    2017, 39 (5): 542-544.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2017.05.026 Abstract （448）      PDF（pc） （1167KB）（2675）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of the morisky medication adherence scale on pulmonary tuberculosis patients ZHANG Si-Yu, BAI Li-Qiong, TAN Hong-Zhuan, YANG Hua-Lin Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health    2010, 32 (9): 55-58.   Abstract （5815）      PDF（pc） （220KB）（2665）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To explore the feasibility of the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale 8-item version (MMAS 8-item version) being applied on pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients, and to measure and compare the adherence of PTB patients treated with fixed-does combination (FDC) and blister pack drugs. Methods In a randomized controlled clinical trial, the experimental group (EG) treated with FDC and the control group (CG) treated with blister pack drugs. MMAS 8-item version was applied to patients in both groups by questionnaire survey. Results Cronbach’s coefficient was 0.64 in this study. There were 230 patients in EG, and 233 in CG.. The adherence in EG was significantly higher than CG (Z=-6.001, P=0.000). Conclusion The adherence of PTB patients treated with FDC was better than those paitents treated with blister pack drugs. The MMAS 8-item version has a good reliability and sensitivity, could be applied on the PTB patients. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Guidline for chemotherapy of drugresistant TB (2015) Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health    2015, 37 (5): 421-469.   Abstract （1237）      PDF（pc） （1636KB）（2576）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection LI Guo, PANG Xian-qiong, XU Hua, JING Ming-yan, FAN Pang-shuang, CHEN Shao-ping Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis    2021, 43 (1): 91-95.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2021.01.017 Abstract （873）   HTML （54）    PDF（pc） （879KB）（2476）       Knowledge map    Save Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a status of persistent immune response to stimulation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens. Because of the risk of developing active tuberculosis, LTBI has been paid more and more attentions worldwide. The screening and preventive treatment of LTBI is an important component in the comprehensive prevention and control program of tuberculosis. However, there is no direct diagnosis method and unified treatment regimen for LTBI. In addition to the two conventional methods using for LTBI screening, tuberculin skin test and interferon gamma release assays, a newly developed method of recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis fusion protein (EC) (The generic name in Chinese of this product determined by the Chinese Pharmacopoeia Committee is used. “EC” is the recombinant fusion protein of “early secretory antigenic target-6 (ESAT-6) and culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP-10)”) can also be used in China. Currently, the preventive treatment with single-drug isoniazid is the most widely used regimen, but the regimen with rifamycin has more obvious advantages due to the shorter treatment duration and higher treatment compliance. So far, there are relatively few studies in the field of LTBI in China, and the coverage rate of preventive treatment for LTBI is low. Researchers related to LTBI should be conducted actively to explore the preventive treatment regimen in line with national conditions. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health    2016, 38 (07): 521-523.   Abstract （538）      PDF（pc） （1043KB）（2119）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Expert consensus on treatment and management of tuberculosis-diabetes mellitus National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease/, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Chinese Antituberculosis Association, Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis    2021, 43 (1): 12-22.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2021.01.004 Abstract （1604）   HTML （127）    PDF（pc） （1552KB）（2013）       Knowledge map    Save Tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are both frequently-occurring clinical diseases and global pandemics. The two can coexist and influence each other. DM increases the risk of active TB, and TB may provoke hyperglycemia. The double burden of TB and DM has become a major public health problem. Therefore, it is necessary to manage the two diseases jointly. This consensus focuses on the pandemics, two-way screening, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and management of comorbidity of TB-DM, providing guidance to health care workers. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles |