Progress in diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2021.01.017

Abstract

Abstract:

Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a status of persistent immune response to stimulation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens. Because of the risk of developing active tuberculosis, LTBI has been paid more and more attentions worldwide. The screening and preventive treatment of LTBI is an important component in the comprehensive prevention and control program of tuberculosis. However, there is no direct diagnosis method and unified treatment regimen for LTBI. In addition to the two conventional methods using for LTBI screening, tuberculin skin test and interferon gamma release assays, a newly developed method of recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis fusion protein (EC) (The generic name in Chinese of this product determined by the Chinese Pharmacopoeia Committee is used. “EC” is the recombinant fusion protein of “early secretory antigenic target-6 (ESAT-6) and culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP-10)”) can also be used in China. Currently, the preventive treatment with single-drug isoniazid is the most widely used regimen, but the regimen with rifamycin has more obvious advantages due to the shorter treatment duration and higher treatment compliance. So far, there are relatively few studies in the field of LTBI in China, and the coverage rate of preventive treatment for LTBI is low. Researchers related to LTBI should be conducted actively to explore the preventive treatment regimen in line with national conditions.

Key words: Latent tuberculosis infection, Diagnosis, Universal precautions, Protective agents, Review literature as topic

LI Guo, PANG Xian-qiong, XU Hua, JING Ming-yan, FAN Pang-shuang, CHEN Shao-ping. Progress in diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection[J]. Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis, 2021, 43(1): 91-95. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2021.01.017

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