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中国防痨杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 640-644.doi: 10. 3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2019.06.009

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

溃疡坏死型支气管结核不良转归的影响因素分析

李文婷,陈红霞,杨妍()   

  1. 宁夏回族自治区第四人民医院呼吸科(陈红霞)
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-07 出版日期:2019-06-10 发布日期:2019-06-04
  • 通信作者: 杨妍 E-mail:yang913286@126.com

Analysis of risk factors for poor outcome of treatment in patients with ulcerous necrotic type bronchial tuberculosis

Wen-ting LI,Hong-xia CHEN,Yan YANG()   

  1. *Department of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
  • Received:2019-03-07 Online:2019-06-10 Published:2019-06-04
  • Contact: Yan YANG E-mail:yang913286@126.com

摘要:

目的 分析影响溃疡坏死型支气管结核治疗效果的因素。方法 连续收集2016年1月至2018年1月在同济大学附属上海市肺科医院结核科经支气管镜首次确诊为溃疡坏死型支气管结核的患者105例作为研究对象。收集患者临床资料,记录支气管镜下病灶累及的气道部位及层数、坏死物及黏膜水肿所致管腔狭窄程度、胸部CT扫描的影像学特点,评估研究对象的治疗疗效,分析影响溃疡坏死型支气管结核治疗疗效的危险因素。结果 105例溃疡坏死型支气管结核患者中治疗有效者72例(68.6%),治疗无效者33例(31.4%)。治疗无效组中,有吸烟史者12例(36.4%)、起病至治疗时间≥4周者21例(63.7%)、有肺部空洞者10例(30.3%)、病变累及≥3层气道者12例(36.4%);治疗有效组中分别有12例(16.7%)、24例(33.3%)、8例(11.1%)和10例(13.9%);两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ 2值分别为4.98、8.49、5.87、6.90,P值均<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,有吸烟史(OR=2.87, 95%CI:1.01~8.14)、起病至治疗时间≥4周(OR=3.48, 95%CI:1.35~9.01)、有肺部空洞(OR=3.27, 95%CI:1.02~10.55)、病变累及≥3层气道(OR=3.73, 95%CI:1.23~11.31)是溃疡坏死型支气管结核治疗无效的危险因素。结论 加强戒烟教育、加强结核病防治知识宣传教育、早诊断早治疗有助于提高溃疡坏死型支气管结核的治疗有效率。

关键词: 结核, 支气管, 支气管镜检查, 危险因素, 因素分析, 统计学

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the factors affecting the efficacy in patients with ulcerous necrotic type bronchial tuberculosis.Methods A total of 105 cases who were first diagnosed with ulcerous necrotic type bronchial tuberculosis by bronchoscopy in the Department of Tuberculosis in Tongji University affiliated to Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital were successively collected from January 2016 to January 2018, and were set as subjects. The clinical data of the patients were collected, and the lesion involved airway sites and levels, the degree of lumen stenosis caused by necrotic materials and mucosal edema, and the imaging characteristics of the chest CT scan under bronchoscopy were recorded.Results Among the 105 patients with ulcerous necrotic type bronchial tuberculosis, 72 cases (68.6%) were effectively treated, and 33 (31.4%) were ineffectively treated. In the ineffective treatment group, 12 cases (36.4%) had a smoking history, 21 cases (63.7%) had a symptom duration (from onset to treatment) ≥ 4 weeks, 10 cases (30.3%) had cavity on chest CT scan, and 12 cases (36.4%) had a lesion involved airway level ≥3. In the effective treatment group, the case numbers of the above four outcomes were 12 (16.7%), 24 (33.3%), 8 (11.1%) and 10 (13.9%), respectively. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (χ 2=4.98, 8.49, 5.87 and 6.90, respectively, all P values were <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the smoking history (OR=2.87, 95%CI: 1.01-8.14), symptom duration ≥ 4 weeks (OR=3.48, 95%CI: 1.35-9.01), cavity on chest CT scan (OR=3.27, 95%CI: 1.02-10.55), the lesion involved airway levels ≥ 3 (OR=3.73, 95%CI: 1.23-11.31) were risk factors for the ineffective treatment of ulcerous necrotic type bronchial tuberculosis.Conclusion The strengthening smoking cessation education, enhancement of publicity and education on tuberculosis prevention, and early diagnosis and treatment may contribute to improve the treatment efficiency for the ulcerous necrotic type bronchial tuberculosis.

Key words: Tuberculosis, Bronchi, Bronchoscopy, Risk factors, Factor analysis, statistical