Abstract:

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major public health concerns in China, with pulmonary TB being its most prevalent clinical presentation. In recent years, the detection rate of co-infections involving pulmonary TB and other pathogens has significantly increased, driven by a deeper understanding of TB and advancements in isolation and culture techniques. Co-infection with other pathogens is a critical complication of pulmonary TB, closely associated with the invasiveness and drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, the complexity of pathogens involved in co-infections remains insufficiently understood, posing a considerable challenge in the clinical management of TB. The authors provide an overview of recent studies on co-infections with pulmonary TB, with a focus on common co-infecting pathogens, such as other respiratory bacteria, fungi, viruses, non-tuberculous mycobacteria, and the human immunodeficiency virus. The discussion aims to offer insights into the clinical diagnosis and treatment of TB co-infections, serving as a reference for improved patient management.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Superinfection, Review literature as topic