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中国防痨杂志 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (9): 983-988.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2018.09.015

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2006—2017年西安电子科技大学学生肺结核发现情况分析

陆敏灵1,邓亚丽2,†(),李晓霞1,胡先珍1,柳吾录2   

  1. 1. 710071 西安电子科技大学医院疾病预防控制科
    2. 陕西省结核病防治研究所防治科
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-22 出版日期:2018-09-10 发布日期:2018-10-17
  • 通信作者: 邓亚丽 E-mail:dylfzhk@126.com

Analysis of the tuberculosis detection among students in Xidian University in Xi’an from 2006 to 2017

Min-ling LU1,Ya-li DENG2,†(),Xiao-xia LI1,Xian-zhen HU1,Wu-lu LIU2   

  1. 1. Department of Disease Prevention and Control, Hospital of Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China;
  • Received:2018-03-22 Online:2018-09-10 Published:2018-10-17
  • Contact: Ya-li DENG E-mail:dylfzhk@126.com

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摘要：

目的 分析2006—2017年西安电子科技大学学生肺结核发现情况,对防治效果进行评价。方法 收集2006—2017年西安电子科技大学登记的学生肺结核患者资料,采用描述性流行病学方法分析本校12年来学生肺结核的发病率、发现方式、检出率。结果 因症就诊是该校主要的肺结核发现方式,占52.29%(137/262),其次是新生入学体检,占29.77%(78/262)。2006—2017年该高校学生肺结核发病率分别为86.44/10万(22/25452)、97.94/10万(28/28590)、 42.38/10万(12/28316)、 34.75/10万(10/28776)、 48.38/10万(14/28935)、 33.87/10万(10/29527)、 63.71/10万(19/29821)、 60.43/10万(18/29787)、 43.23/10万(13/30070)、 30.21/10万(10/33102)、 43.12/10万(13/30146)、49.27/10万(15/30442),差异有统计学意义(χ 2=26.60,P=0.005),呈下降趋势($\chi^{2}_{趋势}$=7.15,P=0.008);2006—2017年新生入学体检肺结核检出率分别为76.37/10万(6/7857)、89.40/10万(7/7830)、104.14/10万(8/7682)、135.17/10万(11/8138)、124.08/10万(10/8059)、48.89/10万(4/8182)、131.59/10万(11/8359)、133.06/10万(11/8267)、48.13/10万(4/8310)、48.95/10万(4/8171)、0.00(0/8452)、23.13/10万(2/8647),差异有统计学意义(χ 2=24.83,P=0.010),呈下降趋势($\chi^{2}_{趋势}$=8.29,P=0.004);因症就诊肺结核检出率分别为185.51/10万(19/10242)、173.84/10万(20/11505)、51.81/10万(6/11580)、69.91/10万(8/11443)、111.65/10万(13/11644)、68.13/10万(8/11742)、110.73/10万(14/12643)、102.94/10万(13/12629)、72.75/10万(11/15120)、85.46/10万(9/10531)、78.91/10万(9/11406)、57.82/10万(7/12106),差异有统计学意义(χ 2=23.73,P=0.014),呈下降趋势($\chi^{2}_{趋势}$=7.86,P=0.005);密切接触者筛查肺结核检出率分别为0.00(0/854)、690.85/10万(4/579)、235.29/10万(5/2125)、86.06/10万(1/1162)、0.00(0/515)、66.53/10万(1/1503)、591.72/10万(5/845)、217.27/10万(4/1841)、53.08/10万(1/1884)、108.34/10万(1/923)、286.53/10万(3/1047)、852.62/10万(7/821),差异有统计学意义(χ 2=25.33,P=0.001),趋势性检验差异无统计学意义($\chi^{2}_{趋势}$=1.94,P=0.171);毕业生体检肺结核检出率分别为61.00/10万(3/4910)、82.36/10万(4/4857)、19.34/10万(1/5171)、22.42/10万(1/4460)、35.79/10万(1/2794)、30.70/10万(1/3257)、0.00(0/3805)、25.71/10万(1/3889)、29.49/10万(1/3391)、0.00(0/3602)、28.93/10万(1/3457)、30.18/10万(1/3313),差异无统计学意义(χ 2=6.69,P=0.805),趋势性检验差异也无统计学意义($\chi^{2}_{趋势}$=2.53,P=0.115)。 结论 12年学生肺结核发病率呈下降趋势,但仍有波动,防控工作仍需要加强。新生入学和毕业生离校体检、因症就诊、密切接触者筛查相结合是学校早期发现肺结核患者,防止疫情扩散的重要手段。

关键词: 结核, 肺, 大学, 学生保健服务, 多相筛查, 发病率, 数据说明, 统计

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the tuberculosis (TB) detection among students in Xidian University from 2006 to 2017, and to evaluate the effect of prevention and treatment.Methods The data on pulmonary TB patients registered in the school from 2006 to 2017 were collected. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence, detection methods and detection rates during the 12 years.Results Seeking health care with symptoms was the most common way of TB detection, accounting for 52.29% (137/262), followed by medical examinations for new students with 29.77% (78/262). The TB incidence from 2006 to 2017 respectively were 86.44/100000 (22/25452), 97.94/100000 (28/28590), 42.38/100000 (12/28316), 34.75/100000 (10/28776), 48.38/100000 (14/28935), 33.87/100000 (10/29527), 63.71/100000 (19/29821), 60.43/100000 (18/29787), 43.23/100000 (13/30070), 30.21/100000 (10/33102), 43.12/100000 (13/30146), and 49.27/100000 (15/30442), and the difference in TB incidence during the 12 years was statistically significant (χ 2=26.60, P=0.005), showing a decreasing trend ($\chi^{2}_{trend}$=7.15, P=0.008). The detection rates of medical examinations for new students from 2006 to 2017 respectively were 76.37/100000 (6/7857), 89.40/100000 (7/7830), 104.14/100000 (8/7682), 135.17/100000 (11/8138), 124.08//100000 (10/8059), 48.89/100000 (4/8182), 131.59/100000 (11/8359), 133.06/100000 (11/8267), 48.13/100000 (4/8310), 48.95/100000 (4/8171), 0.00/100000 (0/8452), and 23.13/100000 (2/8647). There was a statistically significant difference in the TB detection rate of medical examinations for new students (χ 2=24.83, P=0.010), and the incidence was decreasing ($\chi^{2}_{trend}$=8.29, P=0.004). The TB detection rates by seeking health care with symptoms from 2006 to 2017 respectively were 185.51/100000 (19/10242), 173.84/100000 (20/11505), 51.81/100000 (6/11580), 69.91/100000 (8/11443), 111.65/100000 (13/11644), 68.13/100000 (8/11742), 110.73/100000 (14/12643), 102.94/100000 (13/12629), 72.75/100000 (11/15120), 85.46/100000 (9/10531), 78.91/100000 (9/11406), and 57.82/100000 (7/12106). There was a statistically significant difference in the TB detection rate by seeking health care with symptoms (χ 2=23.73, P=0.014), which showed a decreasing trend ($\chi^{2}_{trend}$=7.86, P=0.005). The detection rates by screening for close contacts with TB from 2006 to 2017 respectively were 0.00/100000 (0/854), 690.85/100000 (4/579), 235.29/100000 (5/2125), 86.06/100000 (1/1162), 0.00/100000 (0/515), 66.53/100000 (1/1503), 591.72/100000 (5/845), 217.27/100000 (4/1841), 53.08/100000 (1/1884), 108.34/100000 (1/923), 286.53/100000 (3/1047), and 852.62/100000 (7/821). The detection rate by screening for close contacts with TB was statistically different (χ 2=25.33, P=0.001), but there was no statistical difference according to the trend test ($\chi^{2}_{trend}$=1.94, P=0.171). The detection rates of graduates’ medical exa-minations from 2006 to 2017 respectively were 61.00/100000 (3/4910), 82.36/100000 (4/4857), 19.34/100000 (1/5171), 22.42/100000 (1/4460), 35.79/100000 (1/2794), 30.70/100000 (1/3257), 0.00/100000 (0/3805), 25.71/100000 (1/3889), 29.49/100000 (1/3391), 0.00/100000 (0/3602), 28.93/100000 (1/3457), and 30.18/100000 (1/3313). There was no statistical difference in the detection rate of graduates’ medical examinations (χ 2=6.69, P=0.805) and no statistical difference according to the trend test ($\chi^{2}_{trend}$=2.53, P=0.115).Conclusion The TB incidence in the university during the past 12 years was declining, but there were still fluctuations. Thus, the TB prevention and control work still need to be strengthened. The combination of medical examination for new students and graduates, seeking health care with symptoms, and screening for close contacts with TB is an important means for the early detection of TB patients to prevent the spread of the disease.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Universities, Student health services, Multiphasic screening, Incidence, Data interpretation, statistical

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