Analysis of case detection and anti-tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis/HIV co-infected patients in Ningxia from 2015 to 2023

doi:10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20250264

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: To understand and analyze the bidirectional screening of tuberculosis (TB) patients and people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) as well as the anti-tuberculosis treatment status of patients with MTB/HIV coinfection in Ningxia, so as to provide a reliable basis for formulating prevention and control measures for MTB/HIV coinfection. Methods: Data on tuberculosis-related examinations received by PLHIV in Ningxia from 2015 to 2023 was collected through the Annual Report Form on the Prevention and Control Management of MTB/HIV Coinfection; Registration information of patients with MTB/HIV coinfection and the total population data from 2015 to 2023 were obtained via the “Surveillance Report Management System” and “Comprehensive Disease Control and Prevention Management System”, which are subsystems of the “China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention”. Bidirectional screening was conducted among tuberculosis (TB) and HIV/AIDS patients, and the status of anti-tuberculosis treatment for patients with MTB/HIV coinfection was analyzed. Results: From 2015 to 2023, the rate of newly registered and followed-up PLHIV in Ningxia receiving chest X-ray or sputum examination was 90.66% (16630/18343). Specifically, the rate was 85.29% (574/673) in 2015 and 94.50% (2923/3093) in 2023, and the rates showed a fluctuating upward trend over the years, with a statistically significant difference ( $χ t r e n d 2$ =435.673, P<0.01). A total of 53 tuberculosis (TB) cases were diagnosed, with a detection rate of 0.32% (53/16630). Among them, the rate of chest X-ray or sputum examination among newly registered PLHIV was 88.98% (2552/2868), and 26 TB cases were identified, resulting in a TB detection rate of 1.02% (26/2552). For previously followed-up PLHIV, the rate of chest X-ray or sputum examination was 90.97% (14078/15475), with 27 TB cases detected (TB detection rate: 0.19%, 27/14078). The TB detection rate was 0.76% (3/397) in 2015 and 0.19% (5/2596) in 2023, showing a fluctuating downward trend over the years with a statistically significant difference ( $χ t r e n d 2$ =17.439,P<0.05). In 2015, the rate of HIV antibody test among TB patients was 42.22% (1097/2598), with no HIV-positive cases detected. In 2023, the rate was 59.49% (1317/2214), and the HIV detection rate was 0.30% (4/1317). There was a statistically significant difference across different years (χ²=246.475, P<0.01). A total of 10427 TB patients underwent HIV test, with an HIV-positive detection rate of 0.14% (15/10427). The registration rate of MTB/HIV coinfection increased from 0.05/100000 (3/6615400) in 2015 to 0.19/100000 (14/7283400) in 2023, showing a fluctuating upward trend over the years with a statistically significant difference ( $χ t r e n d 2$ =20.186, P<0.01). Among MTB/HIV coinfected patients, the treatment success rate was 69.12% (47/68), other outcomes accounted for 5.88% (4/68), transfer to rifampicin-resistant TB treatment accounted for 7.35% (5/68), and the mortality rate was 17.65% (12/68). Conclusion: From 2015 to 2023, the MTB screening rate among PLHIV in Ningxia was relatively high. However, the HIV test rate among tuberculosis (TB) patients and the anti-tuberculosis treatment success rate for patients with MTB/HIV coinfection need to be further improved.

Key words: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, HIV infections, Treatment outcome, Ningxia region

CLC Number:

Tian Xiaomei, Jiang Xuefeng, Yang Xia, Sha Xiaolan, Lei Juan, Wang Xiaowei, Liu Jing. Analysis of case detection and anti-tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis/HIV co-infected patients in Ningxia from 2015 to 2023[J]. Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis, 2026, 48(1): 57-63. doi: 10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20250264

Figures/Tables 3

年度	合计					新登记HIV/AIDS患者					既往随访到HIV/AIDS患者
年度	患者数 (例)	接受胸片或痰检患者数(例)	胸片或痰检率 (%)	诊断为肺结核患者数(例)	肺结核检出率 (%)	患者数 (例)	接受胸片或痰检患者数(例)	胸片或痰检率 (%)	诊断为肺结核患者数(例)	肺结核检出率 (%)	患者数 (例)	接受胸片或痰检患者数(例)	胸片或痰检率 (%)	诊断为肺结核患者数(例)	肺结核检出率 (%)
2015	673	574	85.29	3	0.52	202	177	87.62	0	0.00	471	397	84.29	3	0.76
2016	1196	1066	89.13	1	0.09	329	285	86.63	1	0.35	867	781	90.08	0	0.00
2017	1665	1371	82.34	7	0.51	412	289	70.15	5	1.73	1253	1082	86.35	2	0.18
2018	1865	1665	89.28	2	0.12	346	320	92.49	2	0.63	1519	1345	88.55	0	0.00
2019	2025	1789	88.35	12	0.67	353	319	90.37	5	1.57	1672	1470	87.92	7	0.48
2020	2399	2066	86.12	7	0.34	306	267	87.25	3	1.12	2093	1799	85.95	4	0.22
2021	2594	2487	95.88	6	0.24	307	296	96.42	2	0.68	2287	2191	95.80	3	0.14
2022	2833	2689	94.92	6	0.22	285	272	95.44	3	1.10	2548	2417	94.86	3	0.12
2023	3093	2923	94.50	10	0.34	328	327	99.70	5	1.53	2765	2596	93.89	5	0.19
合计	18343	16630	90.66	53	0.32	2868	2552	88.98	26	1.02	15475	14078	90.97	27	0.19
$χ 趋势 2$ 值			435.673		14.119			225.124		7.215			293.550		17.439
P值			0.000		0.079			0.000		0.514			0.000		0.026

年份	肺结核患者 (例)	接受HIV抗体检测数(例)	HIV抗体检测率(%)	检查出HIV 阳性(例)	HIV检出率(%)
2015	2598	1097	42.22	0	0.00
2016	2468	1112	45.06	1	0.09
2017	2553	1350	52.88	2	0.15
2018	2547	1318	51.75	1	0.08
2019	2445	1327	54.27	2	0.15
2020	1881	932	49.55	1	0.11
2021	1785	1010	56.58	1	0.10
2022	1659	964	58.11	3	0.31
2023	2214	1317	59.49	4	0.30
合计	20150	10427	51.75	15	0.14
$χ 趋势 2$ 值			246.475		8.843
P值			0.000		0.356

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