Abstract: Objective To report the monitor of initial drug resistance in new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis during the period 1984—1995 in Xicheng district of Beijing.Method The culture_positive of sputum specimens from the all new cases would be sent to the laboratory center in Beijing TB Control Institute for detection the drug sensitive test.Result The average frequency of initial drug resistance was 14.5%.The main drug resistances were to Streptomycin(11.0%) and Isoniazid(9.8%).47.9 percent of cases were resistant to any one Anti TB drug.The frequency of resistance to both RFP and INH was 1.6%.The frequency of initial drug resistance was related to the age of patient and the severe degree of the disease(P<0.01).There were no relationship between the initial drug resistance and the sex or cavity in X_ray(P>0.05).Conclusion It is one of important contents to monitor the frequency of initial drug resistance in new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis for TB control in a district.At the same time it can evaluate the TB control programme as a main index.

Key words: Drug resistance, Tuberculosis, pulmonary