Email Alert | RSS    帮助

中国防痨杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (8): 1139-1147.doi: 10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20260062

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于2017年结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染筛查的河南省中牟县乡村医生2025年再筛查情况及感染状态变化相关影响因素分析

刘自森1, 赵雅琪2, 张彬1, 辛赫男2, 杜江2, 冯博轩2, 何翼君2, 李子涵2, 于怡麟2, 王大宽1, 闫娇霞1, 高磊2, 金奇2, 段伟焘1(), 曹雪芳2()   

  1. 1 河南省中牟县疾病预防控制中心结核病防治科, 中牟 451450
    2 中国医学科学院/北京协和医学院病原生物学研究所流行病学研究室, 北京 102629
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-28 出版日期:2026-08-01 发布日期:2026-07-30
  • 通信作者: 曹雪芳,Email:caoxuefang@ipbcams.ac.cn; 段伟焘,Email:dwtzmcdc@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82473697);国家自然科学基金(82373647)

Analysis of re-screening for latent tuberculosis infection in 2025 and related factors affecting infection status among rural doctors in Zhongmu County, Henan Province, based on 2017 screening

Liu Zisen1, Zhao Yaqi2, Zhang Bin1, Xin Henan2, Du Jiang2, Feng Boxuan2, He Yijun2, Li Zihan2, Yu Yilin2, Wang Dakuan1, Yan Jiaoxia1, Gao Lei2, Jin Qi2, Duan Weitao1(), Cao Xuefang2()   

  1. 1 Department of Tuberculosis Control, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Zhongmu County, Henan Province, Zhongmu 451450, China
    2 Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 102629, China
  • Received:2026-01-28 Online:2026-08-01 Published:2026-07-30
  • Contact: Cao Xuefang, Email: caoxuefang@ipbcams.ac.cn; Duan Weitao, Email: dwtzmcdc@126.com
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(82473697);National Natural Science Foundation of China(82373647)

摘要:

目的: 系统评估基于2017年结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染(latent tuberculosis infection,LTBI)筛查的河南省中牟县乡村医生2025年再筛查情况,并探讨与感染状态变化相关的影响因素。方法: 采用开放性队列研究设计,于2025年9月12—21日,参照入组标准对河南省中牟县登记在册且参加2017年结核感染基线筛查的599名乡村医生再次进行LTBI筛查[采用QuantiFERON-TB Gold(简称“QFT”)技术],了解该人群不同年度的LTBI筛查情况。进一步采用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析影响QFT检测结果的相关因素。结果: 2025年共纳入516名调查对象,其中20.74%(107/516)的调查对象处于LTBI状态,明显低于2017年的LTBI率[27.71%(166/599)],年龄和性别标准化后的LTBI率从2017年的23.14%下降至2025年的15.47%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.163,P=0.002)。在完成两次年度结核感染筛查的333名研究对象中,2017年筛查结果为LTBI的人群在2025年的QFT阴转率为21.84%(19/87),2017年筛查结果为未感染MTB的人群在2025年的QFT阳转率为4.88%(12/246)。多因素分析结果显示,从未吸烟者较当前吸烟者QFT阴转的可能性更大[校正OR(95%CI)=3.464(0.803~24.101)],仅存在临界显著趋势(P=0.068);执业时间≥26年者较执业时间<26年者QFT阳转的可能性更大[校正OR(95%CI)=7.520(0.978~27.820)],也仅存在临界显著趋势(P=0.052);而月收入<2500元者较月收入≥2500元者QFT阳转的风险显著增高[校正OR(95%CI)=3.706(1.058~12.987),P=0.042]。结论: 随着河南省中牟县结核病疫情的整体下降,中牟县乡村医生2025年的LTBI率也表现出较2017年显著下降的趋势,但仍高于普通人群,故仍需进一步加强乡村医生等一线医疗卫生工作者感染控制措施的保障与落实,尤其要关注有吸烟习惯、月收入<2500元和长期执业村医的结核感染监测。

关键词: 分枝杆菌,结核, 分枝杆菌感染, 医院,乡村, 医疗护理提供者, 免疫学试验, 因素分析,统计学

Abstract:

Objective: To systematically reassess the latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) status among rural doctors in Zhongmu County, Henan Province via re-screening conducted in 2025 based on the baseline LTBI screening implemented in 2017, and to explore influencing factors associated with changes in infection status. Methods: Using an open-cohort study design, from September 12 to 21, 2025, 599 village doctors registered in Zhongmu County, Henan Province, who had participated in the 2017 baseline screening for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), were re-screened for LTBI (using the QuantiFERON-TB Gold (abbreviated as “QFT”) test) in accordance with the inclusion criteria, to assess the LTBI screening status of this population across different years. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were applied to identify factors correlated with QFT test results. Results: In 2025, a total of 516 participants were included in the study, of whom 20.74% (107/516) tested for LTBI, markedly lower than the LTBI prevalence of 27.71% (166/599) recorded in 2017. After age and gender standardization, the standardized LTBI prevalence declined from 23.14% in 2017 to 15.47% in 2025, with a statistically significant difference (χ2=9.163, P=0.002). Among the 333 participants who completed both rounds of MTB infection screening, the QFT reversion rate in 2025 was 21.84% (19/87) for those who were LTBI in 2017, while the QFT conversion rate in 2025 was 4.88% (12/246) for those who were not infected with MTB in 2017. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that participants who had never smoked were more likely to achieve QFT reversion compared with current smokers (adjusted OR(95%CI)=3.464 (0.803-24.101)), with a marginally significant trend (P=0.068). Participants with a practice duration of ≥26 years exhibited a greater risk of QFT conversion relative to those with a practice duration of <26 years (adjusted OR (95%CI)=7.520 (0.978-27.820)), with a marginally significant trend (P=0.052). Participants with a monthly income of <2500 RMB had significantly higher risks of QFT conversion than those with a monthly income of ≥2500 RMB (adjusted OR (95%CI)=3.706 (1.058-12.987), P=0.042). Conclusion: Consistent with the overall declining tuberculosis epidemic in Henan Province, the LTBI prevalence among rural doctors in Zhongmu County decreased significantly in 2025 relative to 2017, yet remained higher than that of the general population. While sustaining population-wide tuberculosis prevention and control strategies, targeted infection control measures should be further guaranteed and implemented for frontline medical staff such as rural doctors. Special attention should be paid to MTB infection surveillance for rural doctors who smoke, earn less than 2500 RMB monthly, or have worked in the profession for an extended period.

Key words: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium infections, Hospitals, rural, Caregivers, Immunologic tests, Factor analysis, statistical

中图分类号: