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中国防痨杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (8): 986-991.doi: 10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20250082

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

结核病关爱行动试点项目工作进展分析

王云霞1, 孟庆琳2, 周林2, 刘二勇2()   

  1. 1深圳市宝安区慢性病防治院结核病防制科,深圳518101
    2中国疾病预防控制中心结核病控制中心患者关怀部,北京102206
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-06 出版日期:2025-08-10 发布日期:2025-08-01
  • 通信作者: 刘二勇,Email: liuey@chinacdc.cn
  • 作者简介:注:孟庆琳与王云霞对本研究具有同等贡献,为并列第一作者
  • 基金资助:
    01056局—公共卫生人才培养支持;深圳市医学研究专项资金(B2303003);广东省医学科研基金(A2023156);深圳市自然科学基金(JCYJ20240815110459001)

Analysis of the progress of Tuberculosis Care Pilot Project

Wang Yunxia1, Meng Qinglin2, Zhou Lin2, Liu Eryong2()   

  1. 1Department of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Bao’an Chronic Disease Prevention and Cure, Shenzhen 518101, China
    2Department of Tuberculosis Patients Care, National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
  • Received:2025-03-06 Online:2025-08-10 Published:2025-08-01
  • Contact: Liu Eryong, Email: Liuey@chinacdc.cn
  • Supported by:
    Public Health Talent Training Support Project (01056);Shenzhen Medical Research Fund(B2303003);Guangdong Medical Research Fund(A2023156);Natural Science Foundation of Shenzhen Municipality(JCYJ20240815110459001)

摘要:

目的: 分析“结核病关爱行动试点项目”首批40个试点县(区)结核病防治工作进展情况。方法: 2024年4—6月,中国疾病预防控制中心结核病控制中心向首批实施试点项目的15个省的40个试点县(区)结核病防治机构发放统一的半结构化电子版调查问卷,对2023年患者发现、重点人群筛查和辖区内结核病患者的人文关怀措施落实情况进行调查,并与基线数据(2022年监测数据)进行比较。结果: 2023年,试点县(区)共确诊并登记肺结核患者11037例,其中,病原学阳性7330例,阳性率为66.41%(7330/11037),达到试点项目终期评估65%的要求;562份病原学阴性患者个案中,符合病原性学阴性肺结核诊断依据的有427份,符合率为75.98%(427/562),尚未达到试点项目终期评估90%的要求。在重点人群筛查方面,试点县(区)65岁及以上老年人和糖尿病患者胸部X线摄片筛查率分别为22.38%(561911/2510827)和14.99%(110675/738182),虽然较基线时期有所上升(13.48%,377436/2800877; 12.27%,93808/764416),但仍处于较低水平。在患者管理和人文关怀措施落实方面,40个试点县(区)中能够利用信息化手段对患者进行管理的县(区)数达到38个,所有试点县(区)均开展了面向登记患者的全程健康教育,开展营养和心理支持的县(区)数量均达到30个,是基线时期(10个)的3倍。结论: “结核病关爱行动试点项目”工作取得一定成效,在病原学阴性肺结核诊断能力、重点人群筛查方面仍需进一步推进。

关键词: 结核, 试点项目, 问卷调查

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze and evaluate the progress of tuberculosis (TB) prevention and treatment in the first 40 pilot counties (districts) of Tuberculosis Care Action Pilot Project. Methods: From April to June 2024, the National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention of China CDC issused unified semi-structured electronic questionnaires to 40 pilot counties (districts) from 15 provinces, to learn the progress for capacity of patient detection, key population TB screening, and implementation of humanistic care measures for TB patients comparing to baseline. Results: In 2023, a total of 11037 pulmonary TB patients were confirmed and registered across the pilot counties (districts), of which 7330 were bacteriologically confirmed, with an overall positivity rate of 66.41% (7330/11037), meeting the 65% target specified for the final evaluation. Among the 562 bacteriologically negative TB cases, 427 met the criteria for a diagnosis of bacteriologically negative TB, with a compliance rate of 75.98% (427/562), falling short of the 90% target specified for the final evaluation. For key population TB screenings, the chest X-ray screening rate among individuals aged ≥65 years and diabetic patients were 22.38% (561911/2510827) and 14.99% (110675/738182), respectively, which were higher than those of baseline period (13.48%, 377436/2800877; 12.27%, 93808/764416). However, these rates were still relative low. In terms of patient management and humanistic care measures, 38 out of the 40 pilot counties (districts) were able to use information technology to manage patients, and all pilot counties (districts) provided full course health education to registered patients. Additonally, nutritional and psychological support were provided in 30 counties (districts), which was three times the number during baseline period (10). Conclusion: Notable progress has been achieved in pilot areas; however, improvement is still needed in the diagnostics of bacteriologically negative pulmonary TB and the screening of key populations.

Key words: Tuberculosis, Pilot projects, Questionnaires

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