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中国防痨杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (12): 1556-1565.doi: 10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20250257

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国在校生结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染率及预防性治疗意愿的Meta分析

明瑶1, 陈明慧2, 王芳3(), 胡菲菲1, 王智1   

  1. 1成都中医药大学护理学院,成都 610031
    2山东省济宁市第一人民医院重症医学科,济宁 272001
    3四川省广安市中医院院长办公室,广安 638000
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-17 出版日期:2025-12-10 发布日期:2025-11-28
  • 通信作者: 王芳,Email:1697070757@qq.com

Prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection and willingness for preventive treatment among Chinese students:A Meta-analysis and systematic review

Ming Yao1, Chen Minghui2, Wang Fang3(), Hu Feifei1, Wang Zhi1   

  1. 1School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610031, China
    2Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong Province, Jining 272001, China
    3Dean's Office, Guang'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Province, Guang'an 638000, China
  • Received:2025-06-17 Online:2025-12-10 Published:2025-11-28
  • Contact: Wang Fang, Email: 1697070757@qq.com

摘要:

目的: 通过Meta分析明确中国在校生结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染率及抗结核预防性治疗意愿。方法: 系统检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science等数据库,检索时限为建库至2025年4月23日,文献为公开发表的中英文文献。由两名研究者独立筛选文献,对纳入的研究进行数据提取、文献质量评估,采用Stata 15.1软件进行Meta分析。结果: 最终纳入44篇中英文文献。中国在校生结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染率为6.7%(95%CI:5.9%~7.5%),其抗结核预防性治疗接受率为41.5%(95%CI:27.0%~56.0%)。结核菌素皮肤试验检测[6.3%(95%CI:5.4%~7.1%)]、华北地区[3.6%(95%CI:1.7%~5.4%)]、小学生[3.2%(95%CI:1.9%~4.5%)]、样本量≥10000的研究[4.5%(95%CI:3.4%~5.5%)]、2017年之前开展的研究[6.0%(95%CI:4.9%~7.1%)]及非密切接触者[6.1%(95%CI:5.4%~6.8%)]的潜伏感染率相对较低;其他判断依据(包括γ干扰素释放试验、结核感染T细胞检测、重组结核杆菌融合蛋白皮肤试验)[9.2%(95%CI:6.1%~12.2%)]、华东地区[10.1%(95%CI:7.8%~12.3%)]、中学生[6.6%(95%CI:5.6%~7.7%)]、样本量<10000的研究[8.7%(95%CI:7.0%~10.3%)]、2017年之后开展的研究[6.8%(95%CI:5.8%~7.7%)]及密切接触者[8.3%(95%CI:6.2%~10.3%)]的潜伏感染率更高。结论: 中国在校生结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染率处于较高水平,抗结核预防性治疗意愿相对较低。

关键词: 分枝杆菌,结核, 感染, 预防和防护用药, 学生, Meta分析

Abstract:

Objective: To determine the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and the willingness to accept tuberculosis preventive treatment among Chinese students through a meta-analysis. Methods: Systematic searches were conducted in databases including CNKI, Wanfang Database, VIP Database, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, with the search period spanning from the inception of each database to April 23, 2025. The literature consisted of publicly published Chinese and English articles. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data from the included studies, and assessed the quality of the literature. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 15.1 software. Results: A total of 44 Chinese and English articles were included. The pooled prevalence of LTBI among Chinese students was 6.7% (95%CI: 5.9%-7.5%), and the acceptance rate for TPT was 41.5% (95%CI: 27.0%-56.0%). Subgroup analyses revealed lower latent tuberculosis infection rates in the following groups: tuberculin skin test (6.3% (95%CI: 5.4%-7.1%)), North China region (3.6% (95%CI: 1.7%-5.4%)), primary school students (3.2% (95%CI:1.9%-4.5%)), studies with a sample size of ≥10000 (4.5% (95%CI: 3.4%-5.5%)), studies conducted before 2017 (6.0% (95%CI: 4.9%-7.1%)), and non-close contacts (6.1% (95%CI: 5.4%-6.8%)). In contrast, higher latent tuberculosis infection rates were observed in the following subgroups: other diagnostic criteria (including interferon-gamma release assay, T-cell spot test for tuberculosis infection, and recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis fusion protein skin test) (9.2% (95%CI: 6.1%-12.2%)), East China region (10.1% (95%CI: 7.8%-12.3%)), middle school students (6.6% (95%CI: 5.6%-7.7%)), studies with a sample size of <10000 (8.7% (95%CI: 7.0%-10.3%)), studies conducted after 2017 (6.8% (95%CI: 5.8%-7.7%)), and close contacts (8.3% (95%CI: 6.2%-10.3%)). Conclusion: The prevalence of LTBI among Chinese students remains relatively high, while the willingness to accept TPT is comparatively low.

Key words: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Infection, Protective agents, Students, Meta-analysis

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