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中国防痨杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (12): 1573-1582.doi: 10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20250228

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2018—2023年喀什地区肺结核合并糖尿病患者流行特征及治疗转归影响因素分析

麦维兰江·阿不力米提1, 阿不都克里木·塔瓦库力1, 古力米娜·阿布力米提2, 黄飞3()   

  1. 1新疆维吾尔自治区喀什地区结核病防治所暨肺科医院结核病门诊,喀什 844000
    2新疆维吾尔自治区喀什地区疾病预防控制中心,喀什 844000
    3中国疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制中心,北京 102206
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-28 出版日期:2025-12-10 发布日期:2025-11-28
  • 通信作者: 黄飞,Email:huangfei@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区2025年第三批天山英才项目(2024TSYCJC0061);喀什地区科技计划项目(KS2023016)

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of treatment outcomes in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by diabetes in Kashgar Prefecture, 2018—2023

Maiweilanjiang Abulimiti1, Abudukelimu Tawakuli1, Gulimina Abulimiti2, Huang Fei3()   

  1. 1Division of Tuberculosis Clinic, Tuberculosis Dispensary of Kashgar Prefecture, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Kashgar 844000, China
    2Kashgar Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Kashgar 844000, China
    3National Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Center, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
  • Received:2025-05-28 Online:2025-12-10 Published:2025-11-28
  • Contact: Huang Fei, Email: huangfei@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    The Third Batch of Tianshan Talents Project in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in 2024(2024TSYCJC0061);Kashgar Science and Technology Plan Project(KS2023016)

摘要:

目的: 分析新疆维吾尔自治区喀什地区肺结核合并糖尿病(PTB-DM)患者流行特征及治疗转归影响因素。方法: 通过“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”子系统“结核病管理信息系统”,收集2018—2023年新疆维吾尔自治区喀什地区登记治疗的肺结核患者信息资料,运用描述性分析方法对PTB-DM患者与同期管理的未合并糖尿病的肺结核患者特征进行对照分析,对影响PTB-DM患者治疗转归的因素进行回归分析。结果: 2018—2023年喀什地区共登记治疗活动性肺结核患者82990例,其中,未合并糖尿病的肺结核患者81048例,PTB-DM患者1942例,肺结核年登记率由2018年的806.70/10万(32851例),下降到2023年的154.80/10万(7150例),整体呈下降趋势(APC=-33.10%, χ 2=45.320,P<0.05),但PTB-DM年登记率由2018年的2.70/10万(110例)上升到2023年的14.72/10万(680例),呈逐年上升趋势(APC=48.00%, χ 2=6.280,P<0.05)。PTB-DM组与未合并糖尿病组在性别、年龄、民族、职业、患者来源、病原学检测结果等特征分布上差异均有统计学意义。在1942例PTB-DM患者中,治疗成功1701例,治疗成功率为87.59%。在81048例未合并糖尿病的肺结核患者中,治疗成功74896例,治疗成功率为92.41%。PTB-DM患者治疗转归影响因素的多因素logistic回归分析显示,职业为农民(OR=2.101,95%CI:1.560~2.821)、复治(OR=2.277,95%CI:1.812~2.861)、 45~54岁 (OR=2.080,95%CI:1.161~3.750)、 55~64岁 (OR=3.360,95%CI:1.910~5.911)、 65~74岁 (OR=4.891,95%CI:2.820~8.482)、 ≥75岁 (OR=8.202,95%CI:4.201~16.023)、 病原学结果阳性(OR=1.484,95%CI:1.147~1.920)、 转诊/追踪(OR=1.534,95%CI:1.116~2.109; OR=1.898, 95%CI:1.275~2.826)患者发生不良治疗结局的风险更高;而来自叶城县和岳普湖县(OR=0.148, 95%CI:0.031~0.710; OR=0.110, 95%CI:0.019~0.625)的患者发生不良治疗结局的风险更低。结论: 喀什地区PTB-DM患者登记率呈逐年上升趋势,PTB-DM患者以农民、老年人、病原学阳性、复治患者为主,患者来源主要为转诊和追踪;这些因素也是其发生不良治疗结局的主要危险因素。

关键词: 结核,肺, 糖尿病, 共病现象, 疾病特征, 因素分析,统计学

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by diabetes mellitus (PTB-DM) and the influencing factors of treatment outcomes in Kashgar Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Methods: Through the “Tuberculosis Management Information System” subsystem of the “China Disease Prevention and Control Information System”, data on pulmonary tuberculosis patients registered and treated in Kashgar Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 2018 to 2023 were collected. Descriptive analysis was employed to compare the characteristics of PTB-DM patients with those of non-diabetic pulmonary tuberculosis patients managed during the same period. Regression analysis was conducted to examine the factors influencing the treatment outcomes of PTB-DM patients. Results: From 2018 to 2023, a total of 82990 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis were registered in Kashgar, including 81048 patients without diabetes and 1942 PTB-DM patients. The annual registration rate of pulmonary tuberculosis decreased from 806.70/100000 (32851 cases) in 2018 to 154.80/100000 (7150 cases) in 2023, showing a downward trend (APC=-33.10%, χ t r e n d 2=45.320, P<0.05). However, the annual registration rate of PTB-DM had increased from 2.70/100000 (110 cases) in 2018 to 14.72/100000 (680 cases) in 2023, showing a year-on-year upward trend (APC=48.00%, χ t r e n d 2=6.280, P<0.05). There were significant differences in the distribution of gender, age, nationality, occupation, source of patients, pathogenic detection results and other characteristics between PTB-DM group and non-combined diabetes group. Among 1942 PTB-DM patients, 1701 achieved successful treatment, with a success rate of 87.59%. In 81048 pulmonary tuberculosis patients without diabetes, 74896 achieved successful treatment, with a success rate of 92.41%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of influencing factors on treatment outcomes in PTB-DM patients revealed that occupations as farmers (OR=2.101, 95%CI: 1.560-2.821), patients undergoing retreatment (OR=2.277, 95%CI: 1.812-2.861), 45-54 years old (OR=2.080, 95%CI: 1.161-3.750), 55-64 years old (OR=3.360, 95%CI:1.910-5.911), 65-74 years old (OR=4.891, 95%CI: 2.820-8.482), ≥75 years old (OR=8.202, 95%CI: 4.201-16.023), positive pathogen results (OR=1.484, 95%CI: 1.147-1.920), referral/follow-up patients (OR=1.534, 95%CI: 1.116-2.109; OR=1.898, 95%CI: 1.275-2.826) had a higher risk of developing adverse treatment outcomes; patients from Yecheng County and Yuepuhu County (OR=0.148, 95%CI: 0.031-0.710; OR=0.110, 95%CI: 0.019-0.625) had a lower risk of adverse treatment outcomes. Conclusion: The registration rate of PTB-DM patients in Kashgar Region has been increasing year by year. PTB-DM patients are mainly farmers, elderly people, pathogen positive, and retreated patients, and the main sources of patients are referral and tracking; these factors are also the main risk factors for adverse treatment outcomes.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Diabetes mellitus, Comorbidity, Disease attributes, Factor analysis, statistical

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