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中国防痨杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 760-768.doi: 10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20250062

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2018—2022年全国跨省流动肺结核患者流行特征分析

李玉红1,2, 梅金周3, 李雪1,2, 张慧1,2, 刘小秋1,2(), 赵雁林1,2()   

  1. 1中国疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制中心,北京 102206
    2中国疾病预防控制中心传染病溯源预警与智能决策全国重点实验室,北京 102206
    3深圳市宝安区慢性病防治院结核病防制科,深圳 518101
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-18 出版日期:2025-06-10 发布日期:2025-06-11
  • 通信作者: 刘小秋,Email:liuxq@chinacdc.cn;赵雁林,Email:zhaoyl@chinacdc.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中央财政结核病预防控制项目(2528);结核病负担模型与干预效果评价试点研究(6223)

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of inter-provincial migrant tuberculosis patients from 2018 to 2022

Li Yuhong1,2, Mei Jinzhou3, Li Xue1,2, Zhang Hui1,2, Liu Xiaoqiu1,2(), Zhao Yanlin1,2()   

  1. 1National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
    2National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
    3Department of Tuberculosis Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Bao’an Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen 518101, China
  • Received:2025-02-18 Online:2025-06-10 Published:2025-06-11
  • Contact: Liu Xiaoqiu, Email: liuxq@chinacdc.cn;Zhao Yanlin, Email: zhaoyl@chinacdc.cn
  • Supported by:
    Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Program(2528);Pilot Study on the Tuberculosis Burden Model and Assessment of Intervention Effectiveness(6223)

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摘要：

目的: 分析2018—2022年我国(暂未包含我国台湾、香港和澳门地区)跨省流动肺结核患者的特征,以完善跨区域管理患者防控策略和措施。方法: 从“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”中的“监测报告管理”模块获得2018年1月1日至2022年12月31日期间肺结核患者转出(入)记录及病案信息,描述性分析人口学特征、转出患者流向和治疗管理等特征。结果: 2018—2022年全国共登记7547例跨省流动肺结核患者,占登记肺结核患者的0.23%(7547/3261391),男女性别比为2.12∶1(5130∶2417)。25~59岁年龄组(63.91%,4823/7547)、职业为农牧渔民(36.28%,2738/7547)、东部地区(49.83%,3761/7547)患者占比较高。广东、浙江、贵州、广西、四川和湖南6个省(自治区)跨省转出的患者占61.47%(4639/7547)。东部省份中,广东(1844例)和浙江(930例)转出的患者分别主要流入湖南(20.66%,381/1844)和贵州(36.34%,338/930);中部省份中,湖南(377例)转出的患者主要流入广东(54.91%,207/377),西部省(自治区)中,广西(501例)、四川(418例)和贵州(569例)转出的患者分别主要流入广东(49.50%,248/501)、广东(35.17%,147/418)和浙江(43.41%,247/569)。跨省流动肺结核患者到位率为84.17%(6352/7547)。复治患者的未到位率(22.02%,72/327)高于初治患者(15.55%,1123/7220),差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.809,P=0.002);转出前接受治疗时间<30d的患者未到位率(17.23%,454/2635)高于≥30d的患者(15.09%,741/4912),差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.916,P=0.015)。26.78%(1701/6352)的患者转出至到位的时长超过14d。结论: 我国肺结核患者跨省流动主要发生在广东、浙江、贵州、广西和四川等省(自治区),应加强对结核病高流行地区外出务工人员的主动筛查工作,并建立高流动省份患者管理协同机制,为跨省流动患者提供持续不间断的管理服务。

关键词: 结核, 肺, 流动人口, 流行病学研究特征(主题), 公共卫生管理

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of tuberculosis patients with interprovincial mobility in China (excluding Taiwan Province and Hongkong and Macao special administrative regions) from 2018 to 2022, so as to improve the prevention, control strategies and management measures for the patients across regions. Methods: The transfer-in and transfer-out records and medical record information of tuberculosis patients from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2022, were extracted from the “Surveillance Report Management” module of the “China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention”. Descriptive analyses were conducted on demographic characteristics, patient flow patterns, and treatment management features. Results: From 2018 to 2022, a total of 7547 tuberculosis patients with cross-provincial mobility were registered nationwide, accounting for 0.23% (7547/3261391) of the registered tuberculosis patients. The male-to-female ratio was 2.12∶1 (5130∶2417). The middle-aged group aged 25-59 years accounted for the largest proportion (63.91%, 4823/7547), those with the occupation of farmers, herdsmen and fishermen accounted for 36.28% (2738/7547), and those from the eastern region accounted for 49.83% (3761/7547). Patients transferred out from six provinces, namely Guangdong, Zhejiang, Guizhou, Guangxi, Sichuan, and Hunan, accounted for 61.47% (4639/7547) of the total cross-provincial transferred patients. Patients transferred out from Guangdong (1844 cases) and Zhejiang (930 cases) in the eastern provinces mainly flowed into Hunan (20.66%, 381/1844) and Guizhou (36.34%, 338/930), respectively; patients transferred out from Hunan (377 cases) in the central province mainly flowed into Guangdong (54.91%, 207/377); and patients transferred out from Guangxi (501 cases), Sichuan (418 cases), and Guizhou (569 cases) in the western provinces (autonomous region) mainly flowed into Guangdong (49.50%, 248/501), Guangdong (35.17%, 147/418), and Zhejiang (43.41%, 247/569), respectively. The arrival rate of tuberculosis patients with cross-provincial mobility was 84.17% (6352/7547). The non-arrival rate of retreatment patients (22.02%, 72/327) was higher than that of newly treated patients (15.55%, 1123/7220)(χ2=9.809, P=0.002). The non-arrival rate was higher in patients treated for <30 days (17.23%, 454/2635) compared those treated for ≥ 30 days (15.09%, 741/4912)(χ2=5.916, P=0.015). The duration from transfer to arrival of 26.78% (1701/6352) of the patients exceeded 14 days. Conclusion: The interprovincial mobility of tuberculosis patients in China primarily occurs in Guangdong, Zhejiang, Guizhou, Guangxi, and Sichuan. Active screening of migrant workers from high tuberculosis burden areas should be strengthened, and a collaborative mechanism for patient management in high mobility provinces should be established to ensure continuous care for mobile patients.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Mobile population, Epidemiologic study characteristics as topic, Public health administration

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