Abstract:

Lymph node fistula tracheobronchial tuberculosis (TBTB) lacks clinical specific manifestations and can only be diagnosed through bronchoscopy, which is prone to misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. In recent years, with the popularization and development of bronchoscopy and bronchial intervention techniques, the detection and cure rates of lymph node fistula TBTB have significantly increased. On the basis of systemic anti-tuberculosis drug therapy, other treatment techniques, such as local drug infusion under bronchoscopy, freezing, thermal ablation, and balloon dilation etc., are becoming increasingly diverse. Choosing an appropriate comprehensive intervention therapy based on different bronchoscopic manifestations of lymph node fistula TBTB has become an effective auxiliary means for clinical treatment of TBTB. This article is a review about the bronchoscopic interventional treatment strategies for lymph node fistula TBTB by reviewing the characteristics of bronchoscopic manifestations and the efficacy of interventional treatment methods for lymph node fistula TBTB, as well as the research progress of new bronchoscopic therapies in recent years. It is hopefully to provide some help on choosing a fast and effective endoscopic treatment with personalized care for patients with lymph node fistula TBTB.

Key words: Tuberculosis, Bronchial diseases, Lymph node fistula, Bronchoscopy, Diagnostic techniques and procedures