Abstract: Objective To understand the influencing factors of treatment compliance of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients, and to explore new measures in order to improve TB patients’ treatment compliance. Methods  Seventy-eight MDR-TB cases were interviewed by the self-designed questionnaire, 78 questionnaires were distributed and 78 valid questionnaires were received. The study subjects were divided randomly into experimental group and control group with 39 patients in each group. The average ages were（34.6±14.5） years for experimental group and （35.3±14.7） years for control group. The routine supervision measure was adopted in control group, while the hierarchical supervision based on routine supervision was taken in experimental group. Results There were 28 MDR-TB cases taking anti-TB drugs according to the doctor’s advice completely in experimental group, higher than that of the control group (19 cases). Four cases in experimental group did not fulfill the doctor’s instructions, which was less than that of the control group (11 cases). The treatment compliance of experimental group was higher than control group (Z=－2.234, P<0.05). Conclusion Different nursing intervention measures should be developed according to the patient’s social condition and adverse reactions, so that to improve the treatment compliance of MDR-TB patients and increase the cure rate eventually.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary/drug therapy, Tuberculosis, multidrug-resistant/drug therapy, Patient compliance, Patient care, Treatment outcome