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中国防痨杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (11): 1465-1473.doi: 10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20250185

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

湖南省基层医疗机构结核病防治人员焦虑和抑郁现况调查及影响因素分析

周萌, 徐祖辉, 范江静()   

  1. 湖南省结核病防治所(湖南省胸科医院)防治部,长沙 410013
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-06 出版日期:2025-11-10 发布日期:2025-10-30
  • 通信作者: 范江静 E-mail:392774282@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省结核病防治所(湖南省胸科医院)2022年度所(院)级立项课题(SXK2022005)

Analysis of anxiety and depression among tuberculosis prevention and control staff in primary healthcare institutions in Hunan Province

Zhou Meng, Xu Zuhui, Fan Jiangjing()   

  1. Department of Tuberculosis Control, Hunan Institute for Tuberculosis Control (Hunan Chest Hospital), Changsha 410013, China
  • Received:2025-05-06 Online:2025-11-10 Published:2025-10-30
  • Contact: Fan Jiangjing E-mail:392774282@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    2022 Institutional-Level Project of Hunan Institute for Tuberculosis Control (Hunan Chest Hospital)(SXK2022005)

摘要:

目的: 研究湖南省基层医疗机构结核病防治(简称“结防”)工作人员的焦虑和抑郁发生情况,并分析其影响因素。方法: 采用分层整群抽样方法,于2023年3—4月在湖南省抽取常德市、永州市、湘西自治州3个市州共6个县区的1256个基层医疗卫生机构的1289名结防工作人员为研究对象,通过自填式线上问卷调查获得其社会人口学及工作相关情况等资料,采用焦虑自评量表及抑郁自评量表获得研究对象的焦虑和抑郁评分。结果: 本研究获得1161名(90.07%,1161/1289)基层医疗卫生机构结防工作人员的有效答卷。其中,138名(11.89%,138/1161)被评估为存在不同程度的焦虑情绪,平均焦虑得分为(41.12±8.07)分。多元回归分析表明,自评健康状况一般及以下(β=2.003,t=5.618,P<0.001)、年龄低(β=―0.091,t=―4.270,P<0.001)、执业资格为乡村医生或护士(β=0.729,t=2.685,P=0.007)、月平均收入≤2000元(β=―1.052,t=―3.099,P=0.002)、工作单位为社区卫生服务中心或乡镇卫生院(β=―1.135,t=―2.311,P=0.021)的结防工作人员焦虑得分均更高。有358名(30.84%,358/1161)被评估为存在不同程度的抑郁情绪,平均抑郁得分为(44.51±12.84)分。经多元回归分析表明,年龄低(β=―0.138,t=―3.590,P<0.001)、自评健康状况一般及以下(β=2.634,t=4.687,P<0.001)、月平均收入≤2000元(β=―1.415,t=―2.699,P=0.007)、执业资格为乡村医生或护士(β=1.182,t=2.728,P=0.006)、从事结核病健康管理工作年限≤5年(β=―1.553,t=―3.156,P=0.002)、地区在湘西自治州或永州市(β=1.411,t=2.710,P=0.007)的结防工作人员抑郁得分均更高。结论: 湖南省基层医疗卫生机构结防工作人员焦虑和抑郁比例高于我国一般人群。自评健康状况、执业资格、年龄、收入均是焦虑和抑郁出现的共同影响因素。

关键词: 结核, 医务人员, 焦虑, 抑郁, 疾病影响状态调查

Abstract:

Objective: To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of anxiety and depression among tuberculosis (TB) control staff in primary healthcare institutions in Hunan Province. Methods: A stratified cluster sampling approach was employed. In March to April 2023, six counties and districts across three cities and prefectures (Changde City, Yongzhou City, and Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture) were selected from Hunan Province, which include a total of 1256 primary healthcare institutions. Overall, 1289 TB control staff served as the research subjects. Social-demographic data and work-related details were collected through self-administered online questionnaire. Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale were utilized to assess the anxiety and depression level of the research subjects. Results: One thousand one hundred and sixty-one valid pieces of questionnaire were collected with a response rate of 90.07% (1161/1289). A total of 138 staff (11.89%, 138/1161) were identified as having varying degrees of anxiety. The overall average anxiety score was 41.12±8.07. Multivariable analysis indicated that TB control staff with poor self-rated health (β=2.003, t=5.618, P<0.001), younger age (β=-0.091, t=-4.270, P<0.001), professional qualification as village doctor or nurse (β=0.729, t=2.685,P=0.007), monthly income≤2000 yuan (β=-1.052, t=-3.099, P=0.002), and working in community health service center or township health center (β=-1.135, t=-2.311, P=0.021) had higher anxiety scores. Regarding depression, 358 staff (30.84%, 358/1161) were evaluated to have varying degrees of depression. The overall average depression score was 44.51±12.84. Multivariable analysis revealed that TB control staff with younger age (β=-0.138, t=-3.590, P<0.001), poor self-rated health (β=2.634, t=4.687, P<0.001), monthly income ≤2000 yuan (β=-1.415, t=-2.699, P=0.007), professional qualification as village doctor or nurse (β=1.182, t=2.728, P=0.006), engagement of TB work ≤5 years (β=-1.553, t=-3.156, P=0.002), and working in Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture and Yongzhou City (β=1.411, t=2.710, P=0.007) had higher depression scores. Conclusion: The proportion of anxiety and depression among TB control staff in primary healthcare institutions in Hunan Province is higher than that of the general Chinese population. Self-rated health, professional qualification, age and income are common factors influencing occurrence of anxiety and depression.

Key words: Tuberculosis, Medical staff, Anxiety, Depression, Sickness impact profile

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