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中国防痨杂志 ›› 2013, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (12): 979-982.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

广州市流动人口肺结核患者接受健康教育的情况分析

高燕波 高翠南 许卓卫 连永娥 舒杨 周琳   

  1. 510630 广州,广东省结核病控制中心(高燕波、连永娥、舒杨、周琳);广州市胸科医院结核病防治一分所诊疗科(高翠南、许卓卫)
  • 收稿日期:2013-10-11 出版日期:2013-12-10 发布日期:2014-03-04
  • 通信作者: 高翠南;周琳 E-mail:gaocuinan@163.com; 13332864810@vip.163.com
  • 基金资助:

    “十二五”国家科技重大专项(2012ZX10004903)

Analysis on the health education for TB cases of floating population in Guangzhou city

GAO Yan-bo, GAO Cui-nan, XU Zhuo-wei, LIAN Yong’e, SHU Yang, ZHOU Lin   

  1. Centre for Tuberculosis Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510630,China
  • Received:2013-10-11 Online:2013-12-10 Published:2014-03-04
  • Contact: GAO Cui-nan;ZHOU Lin E-mail:gaocuinan@163.com; 13332864810@vip.163.com

摘要: 目的  了解广州市流动人口中肺结核患者的健康教育情况,为流动人口肺结核患者的健康教育策略的制定提供科学依据。 方法  采用问卷调查方式对广州市胸科医院门诊确诊接受治疗管理的流动人口肺结核患者进行问卷调查,发放问卷1002份,收回有效问卷972份。然后对患者暂住时间的长短与接受结核病健康教育的比例、接受结核病健康教育的内容和健康教育的获得途径进行调查分析。 结果  流动人口肺结核患者暂住时间长短与接受结核病健康教育情况有明显关系,暂住时间>2年者接受结核病健康教育的比率较暂住时间3个月至2年者高[分别为99.3%(685/690)与92.7%(101/109)],差异有统计学意义(χ2=25.73,P<0.01);而暂住时间3个月至2年者较暂住时间<3个月者接受结核病健康教育的比例高[分别为92.7%(101/109)与56.6%(98/173)],差异有统计学意义(χ2=41.76,P<0.01)。从接受结核病健康教育的内容方面分析,接受过政府的结核病优惠政策健康教育的百分比最低(70.5%,623/884),分别比接受过结核病基本知识健康教育(100.0%,884/884)、接受过结核病预防知识健康教育(99.8%,882/884)和接受过结核病治疗知识健康教育(98.8%,873/884)低29.5、29.3和28.3个百分点。从获得结核病健康教育的途径方面分析,通过医务人员的宣传效果最好,占53.8%(476/884);以下依次分别为发放宣传资料(12.1%,107/884)、广播电视节目(10.9%,96/884)、墙体广告(8.0%,71/884)、学校教育(6.2%,55/884)、张贴宣传画(5.1%,45/884)和其他(3.8%,34/884)。 结论  对流动人口中肺结核患者的健康教育应注意方法和效果,特别是应重点关注在本社区暂住时间不长的患者,应加强对政府结核病防治优惠政策的宣传力度和充分发挥医务人员的健康教育作用,这样才能取得良好的结核病健康教育效果。

关键词: 结核, 肺/预防和控制, 健康教育, 居住流动性, 广州市

Abstract: Objective  To understand the health education for TB cases of floating population in Guangzhou city, and provide scientific basis for the development of relative strategies. Methods A total of 1002 TB cases were surveyed by questionnaire and received 972 valid questionnaires. We analyzed the length of time TB cases living in Guangzhou, and TB knowledge they have received and ways of TB message dissemination.  Results  The length of time staying in Guangzhou and the health education are closely related. For TB cases living than 2 years have more chance to get TB knowledge health education than the TB cases living between 3 months to 2 years and there was significant difference between 2 groups (99.3%(685/690),92.7%(101/109), χ2=25.73,P<0.01). For patients living between 3 months to 2 years have more chances than those living less than 3 months and there was significant difference between 2 groups (92.7%(101/109),56.6%(98/173), χ2=41.76,P<0.01). The study showed only a few TB cases knew the free TB treatment policy. The proportion(70.5%,623/884) lowered than the proportion of patients who have received TB basic knowledge(100.0%,884/884), TB prevention and control know-ledge(99.8%,882/884)and TB treatment knowledge(98.8%,873/884)29.5%, 29.3% and 28.3% respectively. 53.8%(476/884) TB cases received the TB health education from the doctors and 12.1%(107/884) cases knew TB knowledge by health education materials. The radio and television programs, wall advertising, school education, picture poster and others were 10.9%(96/884), 8.0%(71/884), 6.2%(55/884), 5.1%(45/884) and 3.8%(34/884) respectively. Conclusion  We should pay attention to the health education methods and health education effects for TB patients in floating population. Especially we should focus on patients staying short, and provide more health education for the free policies in order to achieve good effects.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary/prevention &, control, Health education, Residential mobility, Guangzhou city