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中国防痨杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 85-95.doi: 10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20220389

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2016—2020年广东省活动性肺结核患者发现延迟的变化趋势及影响因素分析

周芳静1, 冯慧莹2, 方兰君1, 陈瑜晖2, 温文沛3, 廖庆华4(), 吴惠忠1()   

  1. 1广东省结核病控制中心防治科,广州 510630
    2广东省结核病控制中心办公室,广州 510630
    3广东省结核病控制中心中心主任办公室,广州 510630
    4广东省结核病控制中心门诊部,广州 510630
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-09 出版日期:2023-01-10 发布日期:2022-12-30
  • 通信作者: 廖庆华,吴惠忠 E-mail:40028763@qq.com;1627639699@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    广东省医学科研基金(A2021155);“十三五”国家科技重大专项(2018ZX10715004-002)

Analysis on the trend and influencing factors of detection delay in patients with active tuberculosis in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020

Zhou Fangjing1, Feng Huiying2, Fang Lanjun1, Chen Yuhui2, Wen Wenpei3, Liao Qinghua4(), Wu Huizhong1()   

  1. 1Department of Control and Treatment, Guangdong Provincial Center for Tuberculosis Control, Guangzhou 510630,China
    2Department of Office, Guangdong Provincial Center for Tuberculosis Control, Guangzhou 510630, China
    3Office of the Centre Director, Guangdong Provincial Center for Tuberculosis Control,Guangzhou 510630, China
    4Department of Clinic, Guangdong Provincial Center for Tuberculosis Control, Guangzhou 510630, China
  • Received:2022-10-09 Online:2023-01-10 Published:2022-12-30
  • Contact: Liao Qinghua,Wu Huizhong E-mail:40028763@qq.com;1627639699@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    Medical Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(A2021155);National Science and Technology Major Project during the Thirteenth Five-year Plan Period(2018ZX10715004-002)

摘要:

目的: 分析“十三五”期间广东省活动性肺结核患者发现延迟时间的变化趋势,探讨发现延迟的影响因素,为有效减少患者发现延迟提供科学依据。方法: 采用回顾性队列研究方法检索“结核病管理信息系统”中报告登记的2016—2020年广东省活动性肺结核患者病案资料(最终277684例患者纳入分析),描述研究对象的人口学特征和发现延迟趋势,采用Cox比例风险模型分析患者发现延迟的影响因素。结果: 2016—2020年,广东省发现延迟的活动性肺结核患者146345例,年均发现延迟率为52.70%(146345/277684),发现延迟天数的中位数(四分位数)为30(14,63)d。各年度患者发现延迟率依次为50.66%(30693/60591)、50.86%(30436/59841)、53.44%(30061/56253)、55.53%(29418/52980)和53.60%(25737/48019),发现延迟率随时间呈上升趋势( χ 2=380.599,P<0.001)。发现延迟天数中位数由2016年的29d上升至2020年的31d。Cox比例风险回归模型显示,男性(HR=1.042,95%CI:1.033~1.051)、其他职业(HR=1.077,95%CI:1.067~1.087)、羁押人员(HR=1.108,95%CI:1.068~1.149)、诊断单位级别为省市级医疗机构(HR=1.106,95%CI:1.094~1.118)、诊断单位为疾病预防控制中心/结核病防治所等专业机构(HR=1.197,95%CI:1.184~1.210)、复治(HR=1.146,95%CI:1.127~1.164)均是活动性肺结核患者发现延迟的保护因素;流动人口(HR=0.986,95%CI:0.978~0.995)、被动发现(HR=0.970,95%CI:0.962~0.978)、重症(HR=0.931,95%CI:0.919~0.942)均是发现延迟的危险因素。结论: 2016—2020年广东省活动性肺结核患者发现延迟率随时间呈上升趋势,需特别关注流动人口、被动发现、重症患者这类重点人群。

关键词: 结核,肺, 因素分析,统计学, 广东省

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the trend of detection delay among patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (APTB) in Guangdong Province during the 13rd five-year plan period and explore the influencing factors, so as to provide scientific basis for reducing the detection delay. Methods: Based on the Tuberculosis management information system, a retrospective cohort study was conducted to collected medical records of APTB patients registered in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020, demographic characteristics and latency trends of 277684 patients who were finally included in the analysis were described. Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze influencing factors of detection delay. Results: The detection delay was found in 146345 APTB patients in Guangdong Province, with the average annual delay rate of 52.70% (146345/277684) from 2016 to 2020. And the median and quartile of detection delay were 30 (14, 63) days. From 2016 to 2020, the annual detection delay rates were 50.66% (30693/60591), 50.86% (30436/59841), 53.44% (30061/56253), 55.53% (29418/52980), and 53.60% (25737/48019), respectively, which increased with time ( χ t r e n d 2=380.599, P<0.001). The median of detection delayed days increased from 29 days in 2016 to 31 days in 2020. Cox proportional hazard model showed that male (HR=1.042, 95%CI: 1.033-1.051), other occupation (HR=1.077, 95%CI: 1.067-1.087), detention personnel (HR=1.108, 95%CI: 1.068-1.149), diagnosed in provincial or municipal medical institutions (HR=1.106, 95%CI: 1.094-1.118), diagnosed by CDC/TB Prevention and Control Institute and other professional institutions (HR=1.197, 95%CI: 1.184-1.210) and re-treatment (HR=1.146, 95%CI: 1.127-1.164) were the protective factors of detection delay of APTB. Migrants (HR=0.986, 95%CI: 0.978-0.995), patients found passively (HR=0.970, 95%CI: 0.962-0.978) and severe tuberculosis (HR=0.931, 95%CI: 0.919-0.942) were the risk factors of tuberculosis detection delay. Conclusion: The incidence of detection delay in APTB in Guangdong Province increased with time from 2016 to 2020. More attention should be paid to the migrants, patients found passively and severe tuberculosis patients.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Factor analysis, statistics, Guangdong Province

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