Table of Content

10 January 2007, Volume 29 Issue 1

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Rapid identification of Mycobacterium species by DNA chip

Zhang Junxian , Wu Xueqiong , Xing Wanli, et al.

. 2007, 29(1):  1-7. 

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Objective To utilize the high-scale and high efficiency of DNA chip to develop a rapid,simple , and specific method for identification of Mycobacterium species, to provide a basis for the correct diagnosis of mycobacterium diseases. Methods DNA sequencing was used as the control, the target DNA fragments of 28 Mycobacterium reference strains,9 non-Mycobacterium strains and 465 Mycobacterium isolates were analyzed by PCR-SSCP and DNA chip. Results The reference strains of 28 Mycobacteria and 9 non-Mycobacteria were analyzed by DNA chips, the Results showed that the DNA chip was specific. Of 465 mycobacterium Clinical isolates, 256 strains were identified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex(MTBC)with PCR-SSCP,and were positive hybridization with Mycobacterium genus probe M and MTBC-specific probe a on DNA chip.209 strains were identified as non-tuberculosis mycobacteria with PCR-SSCP,and their species were identified by DNA chips as follows: 68 were M. chelonae, 46 were M. intracellulare, 34 were M. kansasii, M. gastri, M. scrofulaceum , M. simiae complex,31 were M. fortuitum, 16 were M. gordonae,3 were M. avium,2 were M. marinum and M. abscess complex, 1 was M. terrae, 1 was M. diernhoferi, and 1 was M. phlei. 6 strains that were only positive hybridization with probe M were sequenced and showed that 5 were M. intracellulare, which had different DNA sequences with the reference strain, and 1 was M. neoaurum. There is not specific probe for M. neoaurum on DNA chip. Conclusion It might be a simple, rapid, sensitive and specific method for identification of most Mycobacterium species byDNA chip, and it could raise correct diagnosis rate of Mycobacterium diseases, and direct the physicians toperform rational chemotherapy.

The clinical diagnostic value of detection of P-selectin, IL-1α, sFas, sFasL, AM in differentiating tuberculous pleural effusions from malignant pleural effusions

Wang Yingnian , Liu jiahong , Sun Rongli, et al.

. 2007, 29(1):  8-11. 

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Objective To evaluate the diagnostic values and clinical significance of detecting P-selectin, IL-1α,soluble Fas,soluble FasL and adrenomedullin(AM)in pleural effusions in different tuberculous pleural effusions and malignant pleural effusions, and compare with CEA. Methods The level of P-selectin,IL-1α, soluble Fas, soluble FasL in tuberculous and malignant pleural effusions were determined by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) ,and that of AM and CEA were determined by radioimmunoassay(RIA). Results (1)The level of P-selectin and IL-1a in tuberculous pleural effusions was markedly lower than that in malignant pleural effusions( t= 8.71, P＜0.001) . (2)The level of sFasL and sFas in tuberculous pleural effusions was markedly higher than that in malignant pleural effusions ( t=6.80,P＜0.001;F= 4.451,t= 6.422, P＜0.001) . (3)The level of AM and CEA in tuberculous pleural effussions was markedly lower than that in malignant pleural effusions(t= 7.491, P＜0.05; t= 6.37, P＜0.01). Conclusion The joint detection of P-selectin, IL-1α, sFas,sFasL, AM and CEA might be helpful to differential diagnosis of tuberculosis pleural effusion and malignant pleural effusion.

Clone and expression Of Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene Rv1009 in E. coli

Yang Liu , Su Zhe , Yue Qiaohong , et al.

. 2007, 29(1):  12-14. 

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Objective To clone Rv1009 gene segment from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and induce its prokaryotic expression. Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the encoding gene of Rv1009 protein from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv,and the amplified DNA fragment was inserted into plasmid pGEX-4T-2. The recombinant was transformed into E. coli BL21,and then was induced for the expression of the Rv1009 fusion protein by IPTG. Results The Length of the amplified DNA fragment was 1300bp, sequence analysis showed the amplified fragment was identical With what we designed. The recombinant plasmid was successfully constructed. A 64kD fusion protein was obtained after E. coli BL21 containing recombinant plasmid was induced by 0.3 mmol/L IPTG and accounted for 22.8% of the total protein. Conclusion The colne and expression of Rv1009 were successful, which lays a basis for further study on Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Clinical Analyses of 47 cases with multifocal osteoarticular tuberculosis

Li Liang , Tang JunFang, Dong WeiJie.

. 2007, 29(1):  15-18. 

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Objective To research the clinical characters of the cases with multifocal osteoarticular tuberculosis (TB) . Methods We sumed up the data of cases with multifocal osteoarticular TB who were hospitalized from July 1987 to July 2003, and analyzed their clinical characters. Results Of 47 cases with multifocal osteoarticular TB that accounted for 3 % of all osteoarticular TB cases, there were 20 cases (42.6 % ) with spinal TB, 9 cases (19.2%) with joint TB, and 18 cases(38.3% )with spinal and joint TB. Two cases had a positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture result. The cases with multifocal osteoarticular TB were usually young and middle age. The spine and bear-weight large joints were the most frequently involved in TB. Conclusion The multifocal osteoarticular TB were divided into 3 types according to the lesion sites. It was the best means to diagnose the multifocal osteoarticular TB by using several imaging techniques together. The chemotherapy duration should be adequacy, and the problem of multi-drug resistance should be paid more attention.

Preventive effect of glycyrrhizin on the hepatitis resulted from antituberculous drugs

Yang Song , Zhang Yaoting , Yin Jiantuan .

. 2007, 29(1):  19-21. 

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Objective To study the preventive effect of glycyrrhizin on the hepatitis resulted from anti-tuberculous drugs. Methods Prospective study was adopted. One hundred and sixty-eight inpatients with pulmonary tuberculosis were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. The former was treated with glycyrrhizin combining with anti-tuberculous drugs, while the latter was treated with routine anti-tuberculous drugs. The occurrence of the hepatitis suffered from anti-tuberculous drugs was observed. Results Two of 84 cases in the treatment group were suffered from the hepatitis, whose state were not severe. Otherwise, 12 of 84 cases in the control group were suffered from the hepatitis, in which one case had severe state. The incidence of hepatitis from anti-tuberculous drugs in the two groups was 2.4% and 14.3% ,respectively. The hepatitis in ten inpatients occurred during the enhanced anti-tuberculous period,which the clinical manifestations were tiredness, nausea,vomit,icterus,windy feeling,pain in liver. Conclusion Glycyrrhizin might play a role in the prevention from anti-tuberculous drugs’ hepatitis.

Effect of balloon dilation in the treatment of tuberculous tracheobronchial stenosis

Du Yuqing , Zhou Weizhong , Chen Chengshui, et al.

. 2007, 29(1):  22-24. 

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Objective To evaluate the value of balloon dilation in the treatment of tuberculous tracheo-bronchial stenosis. Methods Balloon brochoplasty transbronchoscope was performed (1 times every week) with fluoroscopic guidance 3 times in 15 patients with tracheobronchial stenosis after clinical evaluation and functional evaluation of lung. The cases with multiple stenosis used the method of segments dilation. The situation of airway opening immediately, short-term effect and functional improvement of lung were evaluated. Results Balloon brochoplasty was performed with fluoroscopic guidance 50 times in 15 patients (average 3.3 times each patient) . The rate of airway opening immediately was 90.6% , the airway diameter after dilation showed significant difference with that before dilation (t= 6.7830, P＜ 0.05) , pulmonary function showed obvious improvement after dilation (t=5.1527, P＜ 0.05) . The rate of restenosis after 6 months was 18% , and self-expanding metal stents were used in 4 patients with tracheobronchial stenosis. Conclusion balloon dilation has better effect on fiber scar tracheobronchial stenosis. The granulation tracheobronchial stenosis should be dilated several times and could be used in conjunction with other methods. Treatment of tuberculous tracheobronchial stenosis with balloon dilation might be a better interventional method to open airway and improve pulmonary function.

Comparison research about active CT imaging in newly diagnosed, relapsed and chronic pulmonary tuberculosis

Lu Xiwei, Wu Jianlin.

. 2007, 29(1):  25-28. 

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Objective To explore CT imaging characteristics in three kinds of active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Methods Spiral CT scan was applied to 51 newly diagnosed TB cases, 54 relapsed TB cases and 34 chronic TB cases. The difference of the CT imaging among the three kinds of TB cases were observed. Results Active CT imaging: the check-out rates of ground-glass opacity, centrilobular nodules with segmental distribution, tree in bud, segmental or lobar consolidation,thickening of the bronchial walls and thick-walled cavity was 88.2%, 82.4%, 66.7%, 27.5%, 37.3% respectively in newly diagnosed cases; 92.6%, 72.2%, 59.3%, 33.3%, 24.1% respectively in relapsed cases and 38.2%, 41.2%, 32.3%, 8.8%, 76.4% respectively in chronic cases. There was not significant difference of the above check-out rates between new and relapsed cases ( P＞0.05) , while the check-out rates in new and relapsed cases were all obvious higher than those in the chronic cases ( P＜ 0.01) . The check-out rate of thick-walled cavity was obvious more higher than new diagnosed cases and relapse case. Inactive CT imaging: the check-out rates of fibre rope band and bronchial flection were 5.9% and 17.6% in newly diagnosed case, 48.1% and 40.7% in relapsed cases and 88.2% and 85.3% in chronic cases respectively. The difference was significant among three kinds of TB cases ( P＜ 0.01). Conclusion The check-out rates of active CT Image is different among newly diagnosed case, relapsed case and chronic case. CT is helpful to their differential diagnosis, while carefully considering the clinical symptoms and sputum examinations at the same time.

Clinical evaluation of detained central venous catheter in the treatment of tuberculous pericarditis

Zhang Zhihui, Zong Peilan , Yang Yanzhen , et al.

. 2007, 29(1):  29-30. 

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Objective To study the clinical value of detained central venous catheter in the treatment of tuberculous pericarditis, and to discover a new approach for preventing constrictive pericarditis. Methods Seventy-six initial treatment patients with tuberculous effusive pericarditis were randomly divided into A, B groups, given regular anti-tuberculous therapy. Group A received the treatment of depositing a central venous catheter in pericardial cavity for drainabe therapy and intrapericardial injection. Group B received the treatment of removing fluids from the pericardial cavity with pericardiocentesis intermittently and intrapericardial injection. Results There are significant difference in the time of the symptom disappearing, defervescence, pericardial effusion disappearing. Conclusion It might be feasible and safe to drain a lot of hydropericardium by pericardiocentesis and indwelling catheter. The catheter drainage might reduce the happening of constrictive pericarditis.

Mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis in adults with diameters more than 2.0 cm:contrast-enhanced CT features

Dai Jinwu¹, Zhou Xinhua.

. 2007, 29(1):  31-33. 

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Objective To evaluate the contrast-enhanced CT features of mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis in adults with diameters more than 2.0 cm. Methods Twenty-one patients with 76 lymph nodes diagnosed as mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis by operation, mediastinoscopy and biopsy were evaluated on enhanced CT scan, including 13 male and 8 female. The median age of the patients was 28 years old (range from 16～60 years old). Results Five post-contrast patterns of enhancement were found: (1) inhomogeneous enhancement (35.3%);(2) peripheral rim enhancement (30.0%); (3) homogeneous enhancement (19.7%); (4) nonenhancement(7.9% ); (5) separate enhancement (6.6% ). 12 patients (57.1 %) had a combination of enhancement patterns. 9 patients(42.9% )had a single enhancement pattern. Conclusion Contrast-enhanced CT appearance of mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis with diameter≥2.0 cm was mainly inhomogeneous enhancement and peripheral rim enhancement. But peripheral rim enhancement or separate enhancement can suggest a diagnosis of tuberculosis.

Managements of 300 babies with lymphadenitis after the vaccination with BCG

Pan Jiaguo¹, Xu Weiguo , Sun Zhaoping ,et al.

. 2007, 29(1):  34-36. 

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Objective To research the clinical types and managements of adverse reactions after the vaccination with BCG. Methods The data of 300 cases with adverse reaction in 1891640 babies vaccinated with BCG was analyzed retrospectively. Results Of 300 babies with adverse reaction after the vaccination with BCG, 54.7% were different degree of lymphadenitis in axillary region, 38.0% were regional abscess. 55.0% of cases with lymphadenitis were cured by the microwave and hot compress managements on the region of lymphadenitis. 100% of cases with abscess were cured with therapy of incision and drainage. Conclusion Different therapy and comprehensive measures should be available for the different adverse reactions after the vaccination with BCG.

Effect on improving the discovery of tuberculosis by strengthening the cooperation between the organization for tuberculosis prevention and hospital

Wu Fang , Yu Lina , Wang Hua , et al.

. 2007, 29(1):  37-40. 

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Objective To raise the discovering and referring rate of tuberculosis patient by strengthening the cooperation between the organization for tuberculosis prevention and hospital and making use of the national infectious disease network-reporting system. Method We strengthened the cooperation between the organization for tuberculosis prevention and hospital, effectively tracked and managed patients through the tuberculosis network-reporting system in all hospitals, strengthened the work’ s system and the measure of rewards and punishment. Results The registration rate of new smear-positive cases with pulmonary tuberculosis climbed up to 31.88/100,000 (during the period from November 2004 to April 2005) from 25.63/100,000 (from November 2003 to April 2004), which increased nearly 24.4% . In the other hand, the referring rate of tuberculosis patients raised from 61.6% to 98.1 % . Conclusion Because the cooperation between the organization for tuberculosis prevention and hospital was carryed into execution, the patient’ s discovering and referring rate was elevated effectively. The working condition of the tuberculosis control was improved by using the national infectious disease network-reporting system.

Experimental study on antituberculous activities of Pittosporum brevicalyx(Oliv.)Gagnep

Wu Guodong, Qian Zhongqing, Dai Jun ,et al.

. 2007, 29(1):  41-43. 

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Objective To study the antituberculous activities of Pittosporum brevicalyx (Oliv.) Gagnep. Methods The MIC of Pittosporum brevicalyx (Oliv.)Gagnep and the sera containing Pittosporum brevicalyx(Oliv.)Gagnep were determined. The antituberculous effect of Pittosporum brevicalyx (Oliv.)Gagnep was evaluated in mouse model. Results The MIC of Pittosporum brevicalyx(Oliv.)Gagnep and the sera containing Pittosporum brevicalyx (Oliv.)Gagnep were 0.25～0.5mg/ml and 80μg/ml, repectively. Pittosporum brevicalyx (Oliv.) Gagnep could prolong the survival time and improve livability in the tuberculous mouse model. Conclusion Pittosporum brevicalyx(Oliv.)Gagnep exhibited antituberculous activities in vitro and in vivo, and might be developed as a new crude antituberculosis drug.

The effects of the implementation of Contemporary Tuberculosis Control Strategies in Tianjin Prisons during 3 years

Li Shanglun , Fu Yanyong, Zou Yiwei, et al.

. 2007, 29(1):  44-47. 

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Objective To summarize and evaluate the effect of implementation of contemporary tuberculosis control strategies in Tianjin prisons from May 2000 to May 2003. Methods The TB patients were found by overall survey and clinical consultation in prisoners, and were given the free, DOTS treatments according to the standard regimen by prison s doctors. The patients were examined regularly in preconcerted time. The doctors from the Institute of Tianjin Tuberculosis Prevention and Control monitored regularly and assessed the effects at the end of the treatment. Results Eighty-six patients were smear-positive, in which 33 were initial cases. 681 patients were smear-negative. The prevalence rate decreased rapidly year by year. The cure rates of smear-positive cases, initial cases, and retreatment cases were 76.7 % , 93.9 % and 66 % , respectively. Conclusion The TB prevalence in Tianjin prisons had been controlled by the implementation of contemporary tuberculosis control strategies during 3 years. This strategy should be implemented in other prisons in China.

Valuation of cooperation between the organization for tuberculosis and hospital to improve the case-detection of pulmonary tuberculosis in Jiangsu province

Xu Weiguo¹, Lu Wei, Ji Ming ,et al.

. 2007, 29(1):  48-52. 

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Objective To study the process of cooperation between the organization for tuberculosis and hospital and improve the case detection of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods Baseline survey was conducted in target hospitals in the project areas before cooperation between the organization for tuberculosis and hospital implemented . Registration, reporting and referral systems in the hospitals were improved. Cases reported through network were traced by CDCs. After the project, indexes of case-detection were compared with those in the baseline survey. Results In the project area, the pulmonary tuberculosis registration rate of the pilot hospitals increased from 34.2% (baseline survey) to 91.8% . The reporting rate increased from 46.5% to 91.8% . The referral rate increased from 14.9% to 82.3% . And the arrival rate in total increased from 25.7% to 60.0% . The duration from reporting to arrival reduced from 43.96 d to 6.11 d. The case-detection rate increased substantially, and the registration rate of new smear-positive case increased from 18.67/100,000 to 32.91/100,000. Conclusion Through the implementation of cooperation between the organization for tuberculosis and hospital, the registration rate, reporting rate and referral rate increased obviously which resulted in the increased case-detection rate in the pilot area.

Increase tuberculosis case detection rate through suspects cards in students

Kan Xiaohong , Jin Yulian , Yang Jian’ an , et al.

. 2007, 29(1):  53-55. 

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Objective To increase case detection rate of new smear positive TB in the poor and remote area in Anhui province. Methods 2 387 405 students were mobilized to transmit the information about TB among the population of 15 440 000 in 24 poverty and remote counties in Anhui province. Incentive mechanism was applied in county TB staff to increase case detection. Results 19 937 staff were trained, 6 959 school were involved in the study, 2 387 405 students were mobilized and 6 043 786, population were included in the survey. The information of 40 662 suspects were collected directly by the cards filled by students, among whom 23 079 were confirmed as TB suspects by township doctors. The examination rate of suspects among the population was 3.8‰. 5 462 new smear positive TB cases were detected (among them 4 617 were with limited access to health care service) , increased by 4 030 (3.8 folds) compared with the same period in last year. 5,098 new smear positive TB cases were successfully treated. At the same time, 1,377 re-treatment cases and 5,938 smear negative but active TB cases were treated. Thus, totally 12,777 cases received treatment. Conclusions Anhui FIDELIS project has greatly promoted case detection of new smear positive TB in poverty and remote area,and increased the capacity of TB staff in in Anhui province.

Evaluation of AMPLICOR Test in diagnosis of tuberculosis by Meta analysis

Duan Hongfei, Fu Yu , Li Qi ,et al.

. 2007, 29(1):  56-60. 

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Objective To evaluate the value of AMPLICOR test in the diagnosis of tuberculosis by meta analysis. Methods We searched Medline database and screened the papers related to diagnosis of tuberculosis by AM-PLICOR test, and then drew the summary receiver operating characteristic(SROC)by Sigmaplot, and analyzed data by Revman 4.2(a software from Cochrane). Finally, we compared DOR(Diagnostic Odd Ratio) of different golden standard and different sample types by nonparametric test. Results The data from 42 papers were analyzed. It showed that the sensitivity and specificity of AMPLICOR test were 81.2% and 96.0% , respectively. Tweenty-two papers were analyzed on the sensitivity and specificity of AMPLICOR test for smear-positive cases (sensitivity 97%, specificity 76.6% )and smear-negative cases(sensitivity 62.2% , specificity 99.3%). There were significant difference of DOR on using different golden standard and different sample types. Conclusion AMPLICOR test might be useful for the diagnoses of the smear-positive tuberculosis and smear-negative tuberculosis.

Study on tuberculosis case registration and referral in special tuberculosis hospital

Shan Shuxiang , Too Wuwei, Hao Jinzhu ,et al.

. 2007, 29(1):  61-63. 

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Objectives To study the feasibility and effectiveness of regulations about case registration and referral in special tuberculosis hospital. Methods Analyzing the data on tuberculosis case registration and referral since the regulations came into effects in July 2003. Results Because of the practice of the regulations, awareness of sputum test was improved among clinicians. The finding rate of smear-positive cases was raised from 10.1% to 23.3 % . The proportion of cases with no-smear test was decreased from 66.3 % to 16.5 % . All registered TB cases were notified to TB dispensaries where patients reside. Conclusion Regulations of case registration , notification, referral improved the awareness of conducting sputum test among clinicians in special hospital. Reporting relevant information to TB dispensary helps follow-up managements of TB patients.

The cause analysis of retreated smear-positive cases with pulmonary tuberculosis in kalamay (1993—2004)

Yang Fangling , Ma ling, Weng Sheng Li

. 2007, 29(1):  63-65. 

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Objective To study the cause of retreated smear-posistive cases with pulmonary tuberculosis, and to provide the measure of control to reduce retreated smear-posistive cases. Methods The data of 179 retreated smear-positive cases from 1993 to 2004 were analysed retrospectively. Results Of 179 retreated smear- positive cases, their average age was 38.1 years old, the ratio of male to female was 2.3:1, ethnologic ratio was 1.7:1. The ratio of cases whose range of pathological changes included four lung fields was 50.8% . The retreated cases were 46.4% at the total number of cases, in which 41.9% cases were treated irregularly more than one month at initial treatment, the initial treatment of 3.9% smear-positive cases was failure. 7.8% smear-negative cases changed into smear-positive cases during the treatment or after the treatment. Conclusion Retreated smear-positive cases were caused by irregular therapy, irrational treatment regimen, drug resistance. We should decrease and cut off epidemical origin, improve the quality of DOTS management, develop the sputum culture, and strength health education to accomplish the aim of tuberculosis control.

Giaracteristic and impact factors of health-seeking delay of the suspects with pulmonary tuberculosis in Chongqing

Tang Cheng, Tian Kaocong, Wang Yang.

. 2007, 29(1):  66-69. 

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Objective To understand the extent of the health-seeking-delay of the suspects with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), and to study it’s impact factors on rural to urban migrants and permanent residents in Chongqing City. Methods Twenty health facilities were chosen randomly in two districts of Chongqing City. The questionnaires survey was carried out in TB suspects above 15 years old. Results Of 590 questionnaires, the median of health-seeking delay was 19 days, in which 15 days for permanent residents and 22.5 days for migrants. The main impact factors on health-seeking delay included attitude to sickness, profession, educated degree, TB history, Engel index, distance to health facility, medical guarantee, gender and marriage status. Conclusion The health-seeking delay of the suspects with pulmonary tuberculosis was quite serious. The integrated intervening measures might be helpful to decrease the cases with the health-seeking delay, and raise discovery rate of TB.

Analysis on patient delay and reasons for pulmonary tuberculosis in poor rural

Huan Shitong , Zhang Ben , Yan Fei, et al.

. 2007, 29(1):  70-73. 

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Objective To further analyze the situation of patient delay and the impact factors from TB patients and health service providers in poor rural China, and to provide suggestions to increase TB case detection. Methods 3 poor counties in each of the four provinces, e.g. Fujian, Henan, Liaoning and Xinjiang were selected as study sites. Both quantitative and qualitative Methods were applied to study the patient delay and its impact factors. The study targets included TB patients, health workers and administrators. Patient delay was defined as more than 2 weeks from first symptoms to first visit for doctors. Results Patient delay is rather common in TB patients, with 33.6% TB patients delayed in seeking health care. The factors impacted delay from TB patients and health service providers include:(1) Lack of TB knowledge is common among general population in rural area;(2)Health promotion activities conducted by health providers are not enough. Conclusion Patient delay is rather common in poor rural area in China. TB awareness should be improved by targeted health promotion activities. Integrated measures should be taken to change the health care seeking behaviors among the rural population .

The effectiveness of the new TB control network in Shanghai

Zhang Shengnian , Yuan Zheng’an , Mei Jian , et al.

. 2007, 29(1):  74-77. 

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Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of the new TB control network in Shanghai and to discuss the sustainable development of TB control in metropolis of China. Methods The current network of TB control in Shanghai, which was established in 1999, consists of CDC, designated TB hospital and community health services center. The effectiveness of the new network of case finding, report and register, diagnosis and treatment and management was analyzed and compared with that of old network. Results The number of active pulmonary TB cases found in all general hospitals in Shanghai increased 68.7% from 2 549 in 1995 to 429 9 in 2004, and the proportion of newly-registered cases among local residents found in general hospitals increased from 43.1% in 1995 to 51.0% in 2004 Ninety six of all suspected or diagnosed TB cases were reported in 1997, and remained around 99% during 1998-2004. The six-month bacillus conversion rate of newly-registered smear positive TB cases showed no significance difference during 1994-2003, remaining around 90% . The one-year cure rate of active pulmonary TB cases was more than 90% for each year except for 1996. The community case-management coverage rate of active TB cases increased from 93.7% in 1995 to 99.2% in 2004. The regular drug-intake rate of active TB cases showed the trend of increasingduring 1995-2004. Conclusion With the supports of policy, finance, organization and quality assurance, the new network of TB control in Shanghai had improved the effectiveness of TB control in Shanghai.

The results of tuberculosis surveillance in Zhejiang Wenzhou in 2004

Zhang Shulan.

. 2007, 29(1):  78-80. 

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Objective To analyze the Results of tuberculosis surveillance in Wenzhou in 2004 and to evaluate the effects of tuberculosis prevention and control. Methods The annual report of tuberculosis surveillance in 2004 was collected and analyzed. Results The newly registered rate of smear-positive cases was 27.45/100 000 at surveillance sites, and was 26.84/100 000 in the temporary residents. It was lower than the target (34/100 000) of the tuberculosis control project and the average level of Wenzhou (33.60/100 000). The rate of smear-positive cases in the temporary residents was 68.3% , which was higher than that of total population (45.9% ). The cure rate was 86.6% . Conclusion To increase the finding of smear-positive cases is still the emphasis of the tuberculosis control project in our area. The tuberculosis control in the temporary residents is a problem which should be paid attention.