Abstract:

Objective: To understand the relapse situation and influencing factors of tuberculosis patients in Sichuan Province in the past two years, and to provide scientific basis for further adjustment and improvement of tuberculosis prevention and control strategies in Sichuan Province. Methods: A cluster random sampling method was used to select one county from 21 cities in Sichuan Province with detection capability. 1393 etiologically positive tuberculosis patients who completed treatment in 2019 were taken as research objects. In 2020 and 2021, the study subjects were followed up and re-examined using a unified method (including questionnaire surveys, symptom screening, and chest X-ray examination), to analyze the recurrence of tuberculosis in 2 years. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the main influencing factors of recurrence after successful treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. Results: 61 (4.4%) of 1393 cases of tuberculosis with previous etiology were found to have relapses. The recurrence density was 3.37/100 person years (61/1657.61). Body mass index ≥24.0 (aOR=0.30, 95%CI: 0.94-0.96), 4 and 5 correct answers to core knowledge of tuberculosis (aOR=0.28, 95%CI: 0.09-0.88; aOR=0.23, 95%CI: 0.07-0.76), good initial treatment compliance (aOR=0.42, 95%CI: 0.19-0.94) were protective factors for relapse of tuberculosis patients. The risk factors for relapse of tuberculosis patients were pulmonary cavity (aOR=3.24, 95%CI: 1.71-6.14) and HIV infection (aOR=3.26, 95%CI: 1.03-10.36) after the initial treatment. Conclusion: Tuberculosis patients in Sichuan Province had a high risk of recurrence within two years. It is necessary to strengthen the management of pulmonary cavities and newly treated tuberculosis patients with HIV infection. Targeted measures such as strengthening health education and nutritional guidance for the above high-risk population could reduce tuberculosis recurrence.

Key words: Tuberculosis,pulmonary, Recurrence, Epidemiologic studies, Risk factors