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Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 259-262.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2018.03.009

• Interpretation of Health Industry Standards • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Advances in the diagnosis of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis

Hui-min LI,Shun-ying ZHAO()   

  1. Second Department of Respiratory Medicine,Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China
  • Received:2018-02-07 Online:2018-03-10 Published:2018-05-14
  • Contact: Shun-ying ZHAO E-mail:zhaoshunyingdoc@sina.com

Abstract:

On November 9, 2017, the health standard of the People’s Republic of China “Diagnosis for pulmonary tuberculosis (WS 288-2017)” was introduced. The author would like to explain and analyze the new standard, focusing on several issues of children’s tuberculosis, combined with the literature to discuss the advances in the diagnosis of tuberculosis in children. Clinical manifestations, imaging findings, a history of close contact with tuberculosis patients and Tuberculin Skin Test are the main basis for the clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis in children. Gamma-interferon release assay has better specificity than the tuberculin skin test. When pulmonary tuberculosis is suspected in children, efforts should be taken to keep two or more specimens including gastric juice, sputum or nasopharyngeal aspirate for smear microscopy, solid and liquid culture and molecular test to increase the positive rate of the pathogen. Bronchoscopy should be performed when airway involvement is suspected. Xpert MTB/RIF positive results can be used as the etiological basis for the diagnosis of pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis.

Key words: Child, Tuberculosis,pulmonary, Diagnosis, Comment