Diagnosis and treatment of nontuberculous mycobacteria diseases in the past 60 years

doi:10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20240114

Abstract

Abstract:

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) diseases have been recognized for over six decades, with progressively advancing levels of diagnosis and treatment. During the 1990s, a pivotal randomized controlled multicenter study demonstrated the efficacy of macrolide-based regimens against Mycobacterium avium complex infections. Concurrently, the advent of molecular biology techniques for bacterial identification supplanted traditional biochemical methods, greatly enhancing the capacity of medical institutions to diagnose and treat NTM infections. Recent years have witnessed critical developments, including the rapid identification of Mycobacterium species in clinical specimens, the recognition of reinfection as a primary cause of treatment failures in NTM disease, and the proven effectiveness of amikacin liposomes in treating Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease. Drawing on experiences from tuberculosis management, future strategies for NTM should focus on developing rapid diagnostic tests for core drug sensitivities to facilitate the formulation of concise and effective treatment regimens.

Key words: Atypical mycobacteria, Mycobacterium infections, Diagnosis, Therapeutic uses

CLC Number:

R378.91

Duan Hongfei. Diagnosis and treatment of nontuberculous mycobacteria diseases in the past 60 years[J]. Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis, 2024, 46(8): 863-868. doi: 10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20240114

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