Abstract: ObjectiveTo find out the status and risk factors of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Chaoyang district, and to provide evidence for tuberculosis control in future. MethodsAll new and previously treated cases with positive sputum culture registered at Chaoyang TB control institute from 2006 to 2007 were enrolled as study population. Drug susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to isoniazid (H), rifampicin (R), streptomycin (S) and ethambutol (E) was tested by the absolute concentration method before treatment. ResultsThe overall drug resistance of 430 strains was 15.6% (67/430), the multi-drug resistance (MDR) was 3.0% (13/430); the primary drug resistance and multi-drug resistance were 12.3% (47/381) and 1.8% (7/381); the acquired drug resistance and multi-drug resistance were 40.8% (20/49) and 12.2% (6/49). The drug resistance and multi-drug resistance were higher in previously treated cases than in new cases, which was significant difference (P<0.001). The overall drug resistance to four anti-tuberculosis drugs which sorted in descending order were S (12.6%), H（8.4%）, R（5.8%）and E（0.9%）; the primary drug resistance were S (10.0%), H（6.3%）, R（3.7%）and E（0.8%）; the acquired drug resistance were S (32.7%), H（24.5%）, R（22.4%）and E（2.0%）. Resistance to a single drug was main in new cases, while to 2 drugs was main in previously treated cases. Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the history of previous treatment was the most significantly factor with drug resistance, drug resistance among previously treated cases was significantly higher than that among new cases (OR=4.9, 95%CI 2.6～9.4, P<0.001). The differences of age, gender, cavity and diabetes were not significantly correlated with drug resistance（P>0.05）. The main reason of drug resistance for the previously treated cases was the irregular treatment (OR=5.8, 95%CI 1.5～23.5, P<0.05). ConclusionsThe drug resistance was lower in Chaoyang district compared with the nationwide. Strengthening the treatment and management of new cases and reducing irregular treatment is the key to control drug resistance.

Key words: tuberculosis,pulmonary/drug therapy, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, drug resistance,bacterial, risk factors, Bejing city