Abstract: Objective To seek for the Methods for detecting the tuberculosis infectious source and determine its distribution for providing the scientific evidences for developing measures for tuberculosis control.Methods Selecting 8 out of 12 counties as the investigated areas,while the others are taken as the control ones.The tuberculosis control teams were established in county CDC that were responsible for providing smear examination for the TB suspects.The township hospitals were responsible for health education,sputum collection.The working approaches in investigation areas and control areas were the same except free smear examination and free treatment policy in investigation areas.Results The rate of the sputum smear examination in the investigated areas was 51.1%.The notification rate of smear positive cases was 25.99/Objective To seek for the Methods for detecting the tuberculosis infectious source and determine its distribution for providing the scientific evidences for developing measures for tuberculosis control.Methods Selecting 8 out of 12 counties as the investigated areas,while the others are taken as the control ones.The tuberculosis control teams were established in county CDC that were responsible for providing smear examination for the TB suspects.The township hospitals were responsible for health education,sputum collection.The working approaches in investigation areas and control areas were the same except free smear examination and free treatment policy in investigation areas.Results The rate of the sputum smear examination in the investigated areas was 51.1%.The notification rate of smear positive cases was 25.99/100000.It was 18.3% and 0.26/100000 accordingly in the control areas.The smear positive detected rate in the patients that diagnosed as bronchitis,lung infection,and others was 12.4%,11.8%,8.2% respectively.There was no difference in the location distribution and seasons distribution of cases.There was a higher infection rate among peasants and youth.Conclusion The situation of TB infection in rural area was serious.The governments should provide more funds for TB control and to implement free smear examination and free treatment for smear positive cases.In order to find infectious TB sources as soon as possible,smear examination should be one of the routine test in hospitals for respiratory diseases..It was 18.3% and 0.26/100000 accordingly in the control areas.The smear positive detected rate in the patients that diagnosed as bronchitis,lung infection,and others was 12.4%,11.8%,8.2% respectively.There was no difference in the location distribution and seasons distribution of cases.There was a higher infection rate among peasants and youth.Conclusion The situation of TB infection in rural area was serious.The governments should provide more funds for TB control and to implement free smear examination and free treatment for smear positive cases.In order to find infectious TB sources as soon as possible,smear examination should be one of the routine test in hospitals for respiratory diseases.

Key words: Tuberculosis/epidemiology, Epidemiologic studies