Expert consensus on off-label use of drugs for non-tuberculous mycobacteria

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2020.08.002

Abstract

Abstract:

For the treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease drugs or no indication, or over-treatment, over-dose, etc. The Non-tuberculous Mycobacterial Branch of the Chinese Antituberculosis Association organized relevant experts on treatment drugs such as macrolides, rifamycin, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, β-lactams, tetracyclines, linezolid, clofazimine, bedaquiline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and other drugs for non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease to reach a consensus, looking forward to providing guidance to clinicians.

Key words: Mycobacteria, atypical, Bacterial infections, Communicable diseases, Drug therapy, Dose-response relationship, drug, Outcome and process assessment (health care), Consensus development conferences as topic

Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Non-tuberculous Mycobacterial Branch of the Chinese Antituberculosis Association, Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis . Expert consensus on off-label use of drugs for non-tuberculous mycobacteria[J]. Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis, 2020, 42(8): 769-787. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2020.08.002

References 98

[1]	中华医学会结核病学分会, 中华结核和呼吸杂志编辑委员会. 非结核分枝杆菌病诊断与治疗专家共识. 中华结核和呼吸杂志, 2012,35(8):572-580. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2012.08.006.
[2]	中华医学会器官移植学分会. 器官移植受者非结核分枝杆菌病临床诊疗技术规范(2019版). 器官移植, 2019,10(4):364-368. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7445.2019.04.004.
[3]	中华医学会热带病与寄生虫学分会艾滋病学组. 人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病患者合并非结核分枝杆菌感染诊治专家共识. 中华传染病杂志, 2019,37(3):129-138. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1000-6680.2019.03.001.
[4]	唐神结, 高文. 临床结核病学. 2版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2018: 1026-1045.
[5]	中华医学会结核病学分会, 肖和平. 非结核分支杆菌病诊断与处理指南. 中华结核和呼吸杂志, 2000,23(11):650-653.
[6]	王宇. 全国第五次结核病流行病学抽样调查资料汇编. 北京: 军事医学科学出版社, 2011.
[7]	Winthrop KL McNelley E Kendall B, et al. Pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease prevalence and clinical features: an emerging public health disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2010,182(7):977-982. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201003-0503OC. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201003-0503OC URL pmid: 20508209
[8]	Thomson RM, NTM working group at Queensland TB Control Centre and Queensland Mycobacterial Reference Laboratory. Changing epidemiology of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria infections. Emerg Infect Dis, 2010,16(10):1576-1583. doi: 10.3201/eid1610.091201. doi: 10.3201/eid1610.091201 URL pmid: 20875283
[9]	Kendall BA, Winthrop KL. Update on the epidemiology of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial infections. Semin Respir Crit Care Med, 2013,34(1):87-94. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1333567. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1333567 URL pmid: 23460008
[10]	Haworth CS, Banks J, Capstick T, et al. British Thoracic Society guidelines for the management of non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD). Thorax, 2017,72 Suppl 2:ii1-64. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210927. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210927 URL pmid: 29054853
[11]	Griffith DE, Aksamit T, Brown-Elliott BA, et al. An official ATS/IDSA statement: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2007,175(4):367-416. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200604-571ST.[published correction appears in Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2007,175(7):744-745. Dosage error in article text] doi: 10.1164/rccm.200604-571ST URL pmid: 17277290
[12]	中国医药教育协会感染疾病专业委员会, 中华结核和呼吸杂志编辑委员会, 中国药学会药物临床评价研究专业委员会. 抗菌药物超说明书用法专家共识. 中华结核和呼吸杂志, 2015,38(6):410-444. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2015.06.005.
[13]	雅培贸易(上海)有限公司. 克拉霉素片说明书(2017年版). 上海:雅培贸易(上海)有限公司, 2017.
[14]	桑福德. 热病:桑福德抗微生物治疗指南. 新译第48版. 范洪伟,译. 北京: 中国协和医科大学出版社, 2019.
[15]	Wallace RJ Jr, Brown BA, Griffith DE. Drug intolerance to high-dose clarithromycin among elderly patients. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis, 1993,16(3):215-221. doi: 10.1016/0732-8893(93)90112-k. doi: 10.1016/0732-8893(93)90112-k URL pmid: 8477575
[16]	辉瑞制药有限公司. 阿奇霉素片使用说明书(2017年版). 上海: 辉瑞制药有限公司, 2017.
[17]	Longworth SA, Daly JS, AST Infectious Diseases Community of Practice. Management of infections due to nontuberculous mycobacteria in solid organ transplant recipients-Guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice. Clin Transplant, 2019,33(9):e13588. doi: 10.1111/ctr.13588. doi: 10.1111/ctr.13588 URL pmid: 31077618
[18]	Peters J, Block W, Oswald S, et al. Oral absorption of clarithromycin is nearly abolished by chronic comedication of rifampicin in foals. Drug Metab Dispos, 2011,39(9):1643-1649. doi: 10.1124/dmd.111.039206. doi: 10.1124/dmd.111.039206 URL pmid: 21690264
[19]	Magis-Escurra C, Alffenaar JW, Hoefnagels I, et al. Pharmacokinetic studies in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial lung infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents, 2013,42(3):256-261. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2013.05.007. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2013.05.007 URL pmid: 23837923
[20]	Egelund EF, Fennelly KP, Peloquin CA. Medications and monitoring in nontuberculous mycobacteria infections. Clin Chest Med, 2015,36(1):55-66. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2014.11.001. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2014.11.001 URL pmid: 25676519
[21]	Sridhar S, Fung KS, Chan JF, et al. High recurrence rate supports need for secondary prophylaxis in non-HIV patients with disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection: a multi-center observational study. BMC Infect Dis, 2016,16:74. doi: 10.1186/s12879-016-1411-8. doi: 10.1186/s12879-016-1411-8 URL pmid: 26861696
[22]	Wassilew N, Hoffmann H, Andrejak C, et al. Pulmonary Disease Caused by Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria. Respiration, 2016,91(5):386-402. doi: 10.1159/000445906. doi: 10.1159/000445906 URL pmid: 27207809
[23]	Jeong BH, Jeon K, Park HY, et al. Intermittent antibiotic therapy for nodular bronchiectatic Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2015,191(1):96-103. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201408-1545OC. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201408-1545OC URL pmid: 25393520
[24]	Wallace RJ Jr, Brown-Elliott BA, McNulty S, et al. Macrolide/Azalide therapy for nodular/bronchiectatic Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease. Chest, 2014,146(2):276-282. doi: 10.1378/chest.13-2538. doi: 10.1378/chest.13-2538 URL pmid: 24457542
[25]	成都通德药业有限公司. 利福平片(胶囊)说明书(2015年版). 成都:成都通德药业有限公司, 2015.
[26]	重庆华邦制药股份有限公司. 注射用利福平说明书(2016年版). 重庆:重庆华邦制药股份有限公司, 2016.
[27]	Griffith DE, Brown-Elliott BA, Langsjoen B, et al. Clinical and molecular analysis of macrolide resistance in Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2006,174(8):928-934. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200603-450OC. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200603-450OC URL pmid: 16858014
[28]	Santin M, Dorca J, Alcaide F, et al. Long-term relapses after 12-month treatment for Mycobacterium kansasii lung disease. Eur Respir J, 2009,33(1):148-152. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00024008. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00024008 URL pmid: 19118226
[29]	中华医学会结核病学分会, 抗结核药物超说明书用法专家共识编写组. 抗结核药物超说明书用法专家共识. 中华结核和呼吸杂志, 2018,41(6):447-460. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2018.06.006.
[30]	四川明欣药业有限责任公司. 利福布汀胶囊说明书(2008年版). 成都:四川明欣药业有限责任公司, 2008.
[31]	中华医学会结核病学分会, 分枝杆菌菌种中文译名原则专家共识编写组. 分枝杆菌菌种中文译名原则专家共识. 中华结核和呼吸杂志, 2018,41(7):522-528. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2018.07.003.
[32]	国家药典委员会. 中华人民共和国药典临床用药须知:化学药和生物制品卷(2015年版). 北京: 中国医药科技出版社, 2017.
[33]	O’Brien RJ, Geiter LJ, Lyle MA. Rifabutin (ansamycin LM427) for the treatment of pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex. Am Rev Respir Dis, 1990,141(4 Pt 1):821-826. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm/141.4_Pt_1.821. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm/141.4_Pt_1.821 URL pmid: 2158257
[34]	上海信谊金朱药业有限公司. 硫酸阿米卡星注射液说明书(2015年版). 上海: 上海信谊金朱药业有限公司, 2015.
[35]	何司琪, 陈品儒. 快速生长分枝杆菌肺病94例临床分析. 中国防痨杂志, 2015,37(9):948-952. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2015.09.007. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2015.05.007 URL
[36]	Olivier KN, Shaw PA, Glaser TS, et al. Inhaled amikacin for treatment of refractory pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease. Ann Am Thorac Soc, 2014,11(1):30-35. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201307-231OC. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201307-231OC URL pmid: 24460437
[37]	Davis KK, Kao PN, Jacobs SS, et al. Aerosolized amikacin for treatment of pulmonary Mycobacterium avium infections: an observational case series. BMC Pulm Med, 2007,7:2. doi: 10.1186/1471-2466-7-2. doi: 10.1186/1471-2466-7-2 URL pmid: 17319962
[38]	Yagi K, Ishii M, Namkoong H, et al. The efficacy, safety, and feasibility of inhaled amikacin for the treatment of difficult-to-treat non-tuberculous mycobacterial lung diseases. BMC Infect Dis, 2017,17(1):558. doi: 10.1186/s12879-017-2665-5. doi: 10.1186/s12879-017-2665-5 URL pmid: 28793869
[39]	Peloquin CA, Berning SE, Nitta AT, et al. Aminoglycoside toxicity: daily versus thrice-weekly dosing for treatment of mycobacterial diseases. Clin Infect Dis, 2004,38(11):1538-1544. doi: 10.1086/420742. doi: 10.1086/420742 URL pmid: 15156439
[40]	Diagnosis and treatment of disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria. This official statement of the American Thoracic Society was approved by the Board of Directors, March 1997. Medical Section of the American Lung Association. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 1997,156(2 Pt 2):S1-25. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.156.2.atsstatement. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.156.2.atsstatement URL pmid: 9279284
[41]	Golia A, Mahmood BR, Fundora Y, et al. Amikacin Liposome Inhalation Suspension for Mycobacterium avium Complex Lung Disease. Sr Care Pharm, 2020,35(4):162-170. doi: 10.4140/TCP.n.2020.162. doi: 10.4140/TCP.n.2020.162. URL pmid: 32192565
[42]	Olivier KN, Griffith DE, Eagle G, et al. Randomized Trial of Liposomal Amikacin for Inhalation in Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lung Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2017,195(6):814-823. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201604-0700OC. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201604-0700OC URL pmid: 27748623
[43]	Zhang J, Leifer F, Rose S, et al. Amikacin Liposome Inhalation Suspension (ALIS) Penetrates Non-tuberculous Mycobacterial Biofilms and Enhances Amikacin Uptake Into Macrophages. Front Microbiol, 2018,9:915. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00915. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00915 URL pmid: 29867826
[44]	Griffith DE, Eagle G, Thomson R, et al. Amikacin Liposome Inhalation Suspension for Treatment-Refractory Lung Disease Caused by Mycobacterium avium Complex (CONVERT). A Prospective, Open-Label, Randomized Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2018,198(12):1559-1569. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201807-1318OC. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201807-1318OC URL pmid: 30216086
[45]	Insmed Incorporated. Arikayce Kit. Bridgewater NJ: Insmed Incorporated, 2018.
[46]	Floto RA, Olivier KN, Saiman L, et al. US Cystic Fibrosis Foundation and European Cystic Fibrosis Society consensus recommendations for the management of non-tuberculous mycobacteria in individuals with cystic fibrosis. Thorax, 2016,71 Suppl 1: i1-22. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207360. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207360 URL
[47]	拜耳医疗保健有限公司. 乳酸环丙沙星氯化钠注射液说明书(2018年版). 北京:拜耳医疗保健有限公司, 2018.
[48]	广州白云山医药集团股份有限公司. 盐酸环丙沙星片说明书(2017年版). 广州:广州白云山医药集团股份有限公司, 2017.
[49]	青州尧王制药有限公司. 乳酸左氧氟沙星氯化钠注射液说明书(2014年版). 青州:青州尧王制药有限公司, 2014.
[50]	江苏康缘药业股份有限公司. 乳酸左氧氟沙星片说明书(2013年版). 连云港:江苏康缘药业股份有限公司, 2013.
[51]	吴龙章, 谭守勇, 谭耀驹, 等. 1819株非结核分枝杆菌行药物敏感性试验的结果分析. 中国防痨杂志, 2012,34(12):821-824.
[52]	张洁, 苏建荣, 丁北川, 等. 北京地区非结核分枝杆菌菌种分布及耐药性研究. 中华结核和呼吸杂志, 2017,40(3):210-214. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2017.03.013.
[53]	Li G, Pang H, Guo Q, et al. Antimicrobial susceptibility and MIC distribution of 41 drugs against clinical isolates from China and reference strains of nontuberculous mycobacteria. Int J Antimicrob Agents, 2017,49(3):364-374. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.10.024. URL pmid: 28131606
[54]	胡飞枢. 中国大陆地区非结核分枝杆菌对29种抗菌药物的体外耐药情况研究——meta分析以及脓肿分枝杆菌的胞内药敏方法研究. 杭州:浙江大学, 2016.
[55]	顾伟, 杨蓊勃, 杨剑云, 等. 手部深部分枝杆菌感染的诊断与治疗. 复旦学报(医学版), 2010,37(4):472-474. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-8467.2010.04.020.
[56]	柳明忠, 施建辉, 谢俊杰, 等. 手部非结核分枝杆菌感染14例分析. 福建医药杂志, 2018,40(1):55-57. doi: CNKI:SUN:FJYY.0.2018-01-025.
[57]	Ichihara A, Jinnin M, Fukushima S, et al. Case of disseminated cutaneous Mycobacterium chelonae infection mimicking cutaneous vasculitis. J Dermatol, 2014,41(5):414-417. doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.12459. doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.12459 URL pmid: 24801916
[58]	Vagamon B, Ahogo KC, Aka BR, et al. Bifocal Buruli ulcer: multiple cephalic lesions after initiation of medical treatment. Ann Dermatol Venereol, 2013,140(2):125-128. doi: 10.1016/j.annder.2012.11.010. doi: 10.1016/j.annder.2012.11.010 URL pmid: 23395495
[59]	Sawahata M, Hagiwara E, Ogura T, et al. Pulmonary mycobacteriosis caused by Mycobacterium peregrinum in a young, healthy man. Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai Zasshi, 2010,48(11):866-870. URL pmid: 21141068
[60]	Fujita N, Utani A, Matsumoto F, et al. Levofloxacin alone efficiently treated a cutaneous Mycobacterium fortuitum infection. J Dermatol, 2002,29(7):452-454. doi: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2002.tb00305.x. doi: 10.1111/jde.2002.29.issue-7 URL pmid: 12184647
[61]	蔡晓莉, 张素琴. 妇产科手术切口龟型分枝杆菌感染的处理. 医学美学美容(中旬刊), 2014,23(12):195.
[62]	Caballero AR, Marquart ME, O’Callaghan RJ, et al. Effectiveness of fluoroquinolones against Mycobacterium abscessus in vivo. Curr Eye Res, 2006,31(1):23-29. doi: 10.1080/02713680500477321. doi: 10.1080/02713680500477321 URL pmid: 16421016
[63]	Sarayba MA, Shamie N, Reiser BJ, et al. Fluoroquinolone therapy in Mycobacterium chelonae keratitis after lamellar keratectomy. J Cataract Refract Surg, 2005,31(7):1396-1402. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2004.12.051. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2004.12.051 URL pmid: 16105613
[64]	拜耳医药保健有限公司. 盐酸莫西沙星片说明书(2018年版). 北京:拜耳医药保健有限公司, 2018.
[65]	拜耳医药保健有限公司. 盐酸莫西沙星氯化钠注射液说明书(2018年版). 北京:拜耳医药保健有限公司, 2018.
[66]	Li Y, Pang Y, Tong X, et al. Mycobacterium kansasii Subtype Ⅰ is Associated with Clarithromycin Resistance in China. Front Microbiol, 2016,7:2097. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02097. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02097 URL pmid: 28082964
[67]	陈素婷, 聂文娟, 尚媛媛, 等. 脓肿分枝杆菌gyrA和gyrB基因突变与左氧氟沙星和莫西沙星耐药的相关性. 中华结核和呼吸杂志, 2015,38(7):507-510. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2015.07.009.
[68]	深圳信立泰药业股份有限公司. 注射用头孢西丁钠说明书(2015年版). 深圳:深圳信立泰药业股份有限公司, 2015.
[69]	沙巍, 梁莉, 蒋瑞华, 等. 含头孢西丁方案治疗高度耐药的快速生长型非结核分枝杆菌肺部感染16例疗效观察. 中华结核和呼吸杂志, 2011,34(4):265-268. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2011.04.011.
[70]	陈品儒, 肖芃, 邓政先, 等. 含头孢西丁药物方案治疗龟-脓肿分枝杆菌肺病的近期效果. 广东医学, 2014,35(11):1760-1764.
[71]	杭州默沙东制药有限公司. 注射用亚胺培南西司他丁钠说明书(2015年版). 杭州:杭州默沙东制药有限公司, 2015.
[72]	辉瑞制药有限公司. 盐酸多西环素片说明书(2015年版). 上海:辉瑞制药有限公司, 2015.
[73]	广东健信制药股份有限公司. 注射用盐酸多西环素说明书(2015年版). 汕头:广东健信制药股份有限公司, 2015.
[74]	惠氏制药有限公司. 盐酸米诺环素胶囊说明书(2015年版). 苏州:惠氏制药有限公司, 2015.
[75]	辉瑞投资有限公司. 注射用替加环素说明书(2016年版). 上海:辉瑞投资有限公司, 2016.
[76]	Huang CW, Chen JH, Hu ST, et al. Synergistic activities of tigecycline with clarithromycin or amikacin against rapidly growing mycobacteria in Taiwan. Int J Antimicrob Agents, 2013,41(3):218-223. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.10.021. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.10.021 URL pmid: 23312605
[77]	辉瑞制药有限公司. 利奈唑胺注射液说明书(2011年版). 上海:辉瑞制药有限公司, 2011.
[78]	辉瑞制药有限公司. 利奈唑胺片说明书(2011年版). 上海:辉瑞制药有限公司, 2011.
[79]	Brown-Elliott BA, Crist CJ, Mann LB, et al. In vitro activity of linezolid against slowly growing nontuberculous Mycobacteria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2003,47(5):1736-1738. doi: 10.1128/aac.47.5.1736-1738.2003. doi: 10.1128/aac.47.5.1736-1738.2003 URL pmid: 12709349
[80]	Yuste JR, Bertó J, Del Pozo JL, et al. Prolonged use of tedizolid in a pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection after linezolid-induced toxicity. J Antimicrob Chemother, 2017,72(2):625-628. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkw484. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkw484 URL pmid: 27999019
[81]	立业制药股份有限公司. 氯法齐明软胶囊说明书(2015年版). 南京:立业制药股份有限公司, 2015.
[82]	van Ingen J, Totten SE, Helstrom NK, et al. In vitro synergy between clofazimine and amikacin in treatment of nontuberculous mycobacterial disease. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2012,56(12):6324-6327. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01505-12. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01505-12 URL pmid: 23027189
[83]	Shen GH, Wu BD, Hu ST, et al. High efficacy of clofazimine and its synergistic effect with amikacin against rapidly growing mycobacteria. Int J Antimicrob Agents, 2010,35(4):400-404. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2009.12.008. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2009.12.008 URL pmid: 20138481
[84]	沈阳红旗制药有限公司. 异烟肼片说明书(2015年版). 沈阳:沈阳红旗制药有限公司, 2015.
[85]	西南药业股份有限公司. 异烟肼注射液说明书(2012年版). 重庆:西南药业股份有限公司, 2012.
[86]	上海上药信谊药厂有限公司. 盐酸乙胺丁醇片说明书(2019年版). 上海:上海上药信谊药厂有限公司, 2019.
[87]	北京海联制药有限公司. 复方磺胺甲噁唑片(2013年版). 北京:北京海联制药有限公司, 2013.
[88]	西安杨森制药有限公司. 富马酸贝达喹啉片说明书(2019年版). 西安:西安杨森制药有限公司, 2019.
[89]	Philley JV, Wallace RJ Jr, Benwill JL, et al. Preliminary Results of Bedaquiline as Salvage Therapy for Patients with Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lung Disease. Chest, 2015,148(2):499-506. doi: 10.1378/chest.14-2764. doi: 10.1378/chest.14-2764 URL pmid: 25675393
[90]	Brown-Elliott BA, Philley JV, Griffith DE, et al. In Vitro Susceptibility Testing of Bedaquiline against Mycobacterium avium Complex. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2017,61(2):e01798-16. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01798-16. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01798-16 URL pmid: 27872065
[91]	Vesenbeckh S, Schönfeld N, Krieger D, et al. Bedaquiline as a potential agent in the treatment of M.intracellulare and M. avium infections. Eur Respir J, 2017,49(3):1601969. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01969-2016. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01969-2016 URL pmid: 28331039
[92]	Ji B, Lefrançois S, Robert J, et al. In vitro and in vivo activities of rifampin, streptomycin, amikacin, moxifloxacin, R207910, linezolid, and PA-824 against Mycobacterium ulcerans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2006,50(6):1921-1926. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00052-06. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00052-06 URL pmid: 16723546
[93]	Yu X, Gao X, Li C, et al. In Vitro Activities of Bedaquiline and Delamanid against Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Isolated in Beijing, China. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2019,63(8):e00031-19. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00031-19. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00031-19 URL pmid: 31138571
[94]	Adelman MH, Addrizzo-Harris DJ. Management of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease. Curr Opin Pulm Med, 2018,24(3):212-219. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000000473. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000000473 URL pmid: 29470253
[95]	Obregón-Henao A, Arnett KA, Henao-Tamayo M, et al. Susceptibility of Mycobacterium abscessus to antimycobacterial drugs in preclinical models. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2015,59(11):6904-6912. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00459-15. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00459-15 URL pmid: 26303795
[96]	La Hoz RM, Le J, Mohanka M, et al. Bedaquiline as Salvage Therapy for Mycobacterium Abscessus Surgical Site and Lung Allograft Infection in a Transplant Recipient. J Heart Lung Transplant, 2016,35(4 Suppl):S121-122. doi: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.333.
[97]	Huitric E, Verhasselt P, Andries K, et al. In vitro antimycobacterial spectrum of a diarylquinoline ATP synthase inhibitor. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2007,51(11):4202-4204. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00181-07. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00181-07 URL pmid: 17709466
[98]	Ruth MM, Sangen JJN, Remmers K, et al. A bedaquiline/clofazimine combination regimen might add activity to the treatment of clinically relevant non-tuberculous mycobacteria. J Antimicrob Chemother, 2019,74(4):935-943. doi: 10.1093/jac/dky526. doi: 10.1093/jac/dky526 URL pmid: 30649327