Using the method of retrospective analysis, we collected the clinical data of 46 MDR-TB patients who were confirmed in the Pulmonary Hospital in Kashi region (Kashi region MDR-TB designated medical institution). The treatment status, outcome and survival of patients were analyzed.

Among the 46 patients, 37 (80.4%) were treated, while 9 (19.6%) were not. Among the patients who received treatment, one case was cured, and 15 patients completed the course of treatment. The success rate was 43.2% (16/37). 56.8% (19/37) of the treated patients had bad outcome, of which 14 patients died, 5 patients failed and 2 patients were lost to follow-up. During the intensive phase, the mortality was 5.4% (2/37) among the treated patients. The 24-month cumulative mortality was 45.9% (17/37). The 4-year cumulative mortality of the 46 patients with MDR-TB was 58.7% (27/46). The 4-year cumulative mortality was 48.6% (18/37) for the treated cases and 100.0% (9/9) for the un-treated cases. The results of Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that receiving treatment was a protective factor for death (χ ²=15.54, P<0.01).

During the implementation of the Global Fund Project, the proportion of treated patients was high. But the treatment success rate was low, and the mortality was high.