Post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD): research progress on a neglected global health burden, pathogenesis, and clinical management

doi:10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20250486

Abstract

Abstract:

Post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) is a complex, chronic, and multifactorial condition that has increasingly become a significant global public health burden, affecting more than half of all tuberculosis (TB) survivors. Currently, although the standardized definition of PTLD is being continuously refined, its underlying pathogenesis remains poorly understood, thereby constraining the development of therapeutic interventions aimed at improving long-term post-TB outcomes. This review systematically synthesizes recent advancements in international research on PTLD by analyzing systematic reviews, expert consensuses, and clinical studies. It aims to provide an integrated framework of PTLD by elucidating its clinical characteristics, diagnostic criteria, and pathogenic mechanisms. Furthermore, this review discusses current clinical management strategies and future research directions to offer evidence-based insights for precision clinical decision-making and long-term chronic disease management for TB survivors.

Key words: Tuberculosis, Lung diseases, Pathology, clinical, Health promotion

CLC Number:

R521

Yang Huan, Peng Aohui, Jiang Xinyu, Chen Yuanyuan. Post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD): research progress on a neglected global health burden, pathogenesis, and clinical management[J]. Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis, 2026, 48(5): 723-630. doi: 10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20250486

Figures/Tables 2

References 70

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功能/结构受损区域	病理生理表现	潜在的临床后果
气道型
中央气道和大支气管	支气管阻塞/扭曲	慢性阻塞性肺疾病、不可逆性气流受限
	支气管扩张	反复呼吸道感染、持续性咳嗽、咯血
小气道	小气道疾病/闭塞	阻塞性通气功能障碍、通气-血流失衡
肺实质损伤	容积损失	限制性通气功能障碍
	肺纤维化	肺顺应性下降、肺一氧化碳弥散量降低
	空洞	真菌感染、细菌感染
肺血管系统	血管损伤/重塑	肺动脉高压
胸膜	胸膜增厚/钙化	胸膜疼痛、限制性通气功能障碍
其他	不符合上述标准的其他病理表现,持续炎症感染、恶病质、营养不良