Abstract: Objective  To explore the treatment effect of new smear positive endobronchial tuberculosis cases by fiberoptic bronchoscopic interventional therapy combined with oral anti-TB drugs.  Methods  80 new smear positive endobronchial tuberculosis cases admitted to the Department of Respiratory Medicine from February 2010 to August 2011 was divided randomly (queue law) into two groups, the intervention group received fiberoptic bronchoscopic interventional therapy and oral anti-TB drugs, while the control group received oral anti-TB drugs. There were 40 cases in each group, with 11 male and 29 female in intervention group and 17 male and 23 female in control group. The average age of the intervention group was (35.6±8.5), while that of the control group was (35.2±6.8). The sex (χ²=1.978, P=0.241) and age (t=0.218,  P=0.828) of the two groups were comparable with each other. Related treatment prescriptions were informed before signed informed consent provided. Excel software was used for data entry. SPSS 13.0 was used for analysis. P<0.05 was defined as the criteria for statistically significant difference.   Results  After treatment, 37 cases acquired remarkable effect or normal effect in the intervention group, and the total effective rate was 92.5% (37/40). While in the control group, 28 cases acquired remarkable effect or normal effect with 70.0% (28/40) total effective rate.   Conclusion  The effect of fiberoptic bronchoscopic interventional therapy combined with oral anti-TB drug therapy was better than that of oral anti-TB drugs.

Key words: Tuberculosis,bronchi/drug therapy, Administration,oral, Bronchoscopy, Comparative study