Abstract: Objective  To analyze and evaluate the case detection and short-term treatment effect of the Wuhan MDR-TB project, and provide reference for MDR-TB control.
Methods  The baseline information, data reports and case medical records between December 2006 and June 2010 was collected for analysis and evaluation. A total of 998 smear positive patients dropping into four categories of registration-chronic, initial treatment failure, relapse and other relapse were screened and  893 cases have been identified as MTB infection.  Results  Among the 893 cases, 127 cases were chronic patients, 59 cases were initial treatment failure patients, 451 cases were relapse patients and 256 cases were other relapses. All of them were administered to drug susceptible test (DST), 229 cases (25.6%, 229/893) were confirmed as MDR-TB cases; the MDR-TB detection rate for chronic patients, initial treatment failure patients, relapse and other relapse patients were 35.4% (45/127), 33.9% (20/59), 26.4% (119/451) and 17.6% (45/256) respectively; In terms of MDR detection rate, there is no significant difference between chronic and initial treatment failure patients (χ²=0.04, P＞0.05)，however, these rate are notably higher than relapse and other relapse patients(χ²=3.99, χ²=15.05, P＜0.05); among 229 cases of confirmed MDR-TB, 128 cases(55.9%，128/229) had been treated with MDR-TB regimens; the adverse reaction incidence was 85.2% (109/128); sputum smear and culture conversion rates at the end of 6-months treatment was 87.5% (98/112), 89.3% (100/112) respectively; 43 cases of MDR-TB had completed the full course of treatment, the cure rate was 60.5% (26/43).  Conclusion  Chronic, initial treatment failure and relapsed smear positive patients are main source of MDR-TB patients. MDR-TB patients have a low treatment reception rate and cure rate, high incidence of adverse reaction. Prevention and treatment are equally important in MDR-TB control.

Key words: Tuberculosis,pulmonary/prevention &, control, Tuberculosis,pulmonary/drug therapy, Tuberculosis,multidrug-resistant, Wuhan city