Abstract: ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features of multidrug-resistant(MDR) and extensively drug-resistant(XDR) tuberculosis. MethodsData of drug susceptible test, history of anti-TB treatment, scopes of disease，and complications in 148 patients with MDR-TB and XDR-TB was retrospectively analyzed. Chi-square test was used for statistic analysis. ResultsThe percentage of XDR-TB was 33.1%（49/148）.The ratio of men to wowen was 0.88 to 1. The proportion of drug resistance to 4 or 5 drugs was 82.8% in MDR-TB, and Ofloxacin-resistant rate was 66.7%.The initial drug-resistance rates of XDR and MDR were 30.6%（15/49）and 16.2%（16/99）respectively (χ²=4.13，P=0.04). The proportion of patients with lung lesions involved with more than 4 lung fields in XDR-TB and MDR-TB group were 81.6% (40/49) and 65.7%(56/99）respectively (χ²=4.06，P=0.04). The proportion of patients with complications in both groups was higher than 60%. Diabetes mellitus was the most common complication,especially in XDR-TB, with rates of 28.6% and 20.2% in XDR and MDR respectively. ConclusionsThis study showed that the rate of XDR was increasing obviously. More cases of initial drug-resistance emerging in MDR, especially in XDR group indicated that the management for these patients may be too weak. The severity of Ofloxacin-resistant further showed that both the difficulty of the treatment for MDR and the possibility of MDR developing into XDR were increasing. And the phenomenon many patients complicated with diabetes mellitus might provide clues for the prevention and treatment for MDR and XDR.

Key words: tuberculosis,pulmonary, tuberculosis,multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis