Abstract: Objective  To analyze the risk factors associated with drug resistance of pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB) patients in Kashgar prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and provide scientific evidence for DR-PTB control.  Methods  A total of 758 PTB patients hospitalized in TB Institute of Kashgar prefecture between 1 October 2012 and 1 October 2013 were recruited in this study, among them, 209 were identified as DR-PTB. Questionnaires were administered to 758 patients, 721 responded with the valid response rate of 95.12%. Logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the risk factors associated with DR-PTB.  Results  The multivariate analysis showed that PTB patients with longer duration of tuberculosis（OR=10.725，95%CI=5.903-17.326）,incomplete directly observed treatment(DOTS)（OR=9.080，95%CI=6.531-17.017）,poor patient compliance（OR=4.683，95%CI=1.935-9.523）,treatment interruption（OR=5.013，95%CI=2.526-9.026）, malnutrition（OR=3.959，95%CI=1.984-9.081），T₂DM（OR=5.002，95%CI=1.993-10.019） and tuberculous cavity（OR=2.528，95%CI=1.648-7.001）were significantly more likely to have drug resistant PTB.  Conclusion  According to the risk factors of DR-PTB above, we should take effective and targeted prevention measures.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Drug resistance, bacterial, Risk factors, Logistic models, Kashgar Prefecture of Xinjiang