Abstract: Objective  To understand the awareness status of tuberculosis infection control (TBIC) knowledge in rural doctors in Bayan Nur City of Inner Mongolia. Methods  The rural doctors of Linhe district and Hangjin Rear Banner in Bayan Nur were investigated with questions chosen from those in China’s rural doctors tuberculosis and tuberculosis incidence investigation of China-U.S. Collaborative Program on Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases(EID). 670 questionnaires were issued, and the overall response rate was 100.0%.  Results  Only 29.9%（200/670）rural doctors gave correct answers to all questions. For the questions which related to administrative control, environmental and engineering controls, as well as personal protective measures, the accuracy rate ranged from 47.2%（316/670）to 99.3%（665/670）.   Conclusion  The awareness of TBIC knowledge in rural doctors needs further improvement. Relevant training should be provided to rural doctors to improve their cognitive and practical skills on TBIC.

Key words: Rural doctors, Tuberculosis, Infection control, Awareness, Questionnaires, Inner mongolia