Abstract: Objective  To compare the characteristices and anti-TB treatment outcome of HIV-positive TB patients from TB programme and AIDS programme. Methods  We collected the TB-related information from TB information management system and HIV-related information from HIV institutions. In the selected fouteen counties within six provinces, a total of 925 TB/HIV cases were registered between Spe.2007 and Aug.2009, 673(72.8%) were known to be HIV positive and referred by HIV institutions and 252(27.2%) were newly detected HIV positive cased by TB institutions.  Results  In areas where HIV transmited mainly through illegal blood donation, the treatment success rate was 90.6%（328/362）and 82.4%（70/85）（χ²=4.806，P =0.034）and the death rate was 7.5%（27/362）and 16.5%（14/85）（χ²=6.711，P=0.010）repsectively for TB/HIV patients from HIV institutions and TB institutions. In areas where HIV transmited mainly through drug use and sex, the treatment success rate was 60.1%（187/311）and 68.9%（115/167）（χ²=3.563，P =0.059）and the incidence of adverse drug response was 24.1%（75/311） and 13.8%（23/167）（χ²=7.132，P =0.009）repsectively for TB/HIV patients from HIV institutions and TB institutions.  Conclusion  We should intensify TB case finding in people living with HIV/AIDS. Meanwhile, HIV testing in TB patient is also an important measure.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary/drug therapy, Treatment outcome, HIV infections, Superinfection