Abstract: Objective Through the analysis of diffuse panbronchiolitis(diffuse panbronchiolitis,DPB) the clinical characteristics and the reasons for misdiagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis,Sharpening differential diagnosis ability which gets sick to two kind of illness.Methods Retrospective analysis of 11 cases misdiagnosed as tuberculosis in the clinical characteristics of DPB and the reason of misdiagnosis. Results  The main symptoms of patients with 11 cases of chronic cough, sputum and shortness of breath, the majority of the combined chronic sinusitis, chest imaging of pulmones diffuse mainly scattered in the granular nodular or miliary shadow of the results of pulmonary function tests obstructive ventilatory dysfunction and hypoxemia, 3 cases of serum cold agglutinin test (CHA) titer increased (more than 1:64), 11 cases were misdiagnosed as type disseminated tuberculosis, anti-TB drug treatment is invalid and macrocyclic esters of antibiotics in the treatment of patients improved significantly. Conclusion  The main causes of misdiagnosis is lack of awareness of DPB, and DPB is similar to tuberculosis in clinical performance and the performance of chest X-ray image. For blood in the diagnosis of disseminated tuberculosis by the anti-tuberculosis treatment of patients with poor results and negative sputum acid-fast bacilli, the combination of clinical performance should take into account the DPB.

Key words: bronchiolitis obliterans, tuberculosis, pulmonary, diagnostic errors