Abstract: Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of fiberoptic bronchoscopic balloon dilatation for tubercular bronehial stenosis.Method Thirteen patients with tubercular bronehial stenosis were treated by balloon dilatation through flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy.The patients with active tuberculosis were treated with chemotherapy and local administration through bronchofiberoscope.Results 10 of 13 patients achieved satisfactory dilatation.The average airway diameter in the stenotic segment increased from(2.7±1.3)mm to(5.8±1.7)mm(P<0.01).Three patients were failed.Ten sucessfus case were followed for 6～18 monthes.The stenotic segments in the 10 patients were kept permanent improvement.6 of 10 patients were positive sputum bacillus before the dilatation,the six patients were negative sputum bacillus.8 of 13 cases complained mild pain in the chest.There were no severe complications were found in these patients.Conclusion Fiberoptic bronchoscopic balloon dilatation is a simple but safe and effective treatment approach for tubercular bronehial stenosis.It is one of the effective ways for those patients who were frequently positive sputum bacillus as bronehial stenosis inducing obstruction.

Key words: Tuberculosis,bronchial, balloon dilatation, bronchoscopy