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Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 240-247.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2021.03.009

• Original Articles • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Study of screening methods of MTB/HIV co-infected patients in low TB and AIDS prevalence area

RAO Li-xin, XIAO Xiao, CHEN Jing, SHEN Xin(), JIANG Qing-wu()   

  1. School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
  • Received:2021-01-26 Online:2021-03-10 Published:2021-03-03
  • Contact: SHEN Xin,JIANG Qing-wu E-mail:shenxin@scdc.sh.cn;jiangqw@fudan.edu.cn

Abstract:

Objective Retrospective analysis of data on two-way screening of HIV antibodies in TB patients and active TB in HIV/AIDS patients in Shanghai in the past 10 years, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of detection models and to provide a basis for further policies improvement. Methods Data about TB patients from 2012 to 2020 (68155 patients) were extracted from the database of National Tuberculosis Information Management System. Data concerning HIV/AIDS population from 2012 to 2020 were collected by the annual report of MTB/HIV screening program. Linear regression analysis was made to evaluate the annual trend of rate. Annual percentage change (APC) and number needed to screen (NNS) were calculated to estimate the effectiveness of the program. The univariate variance analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the HIV-positive factors in 10769 TB patients in Shanghai Changning District and Pudong New Area from 2012 to 2019. Results In 2012—2020, Shanghai reported 308 MTB/HIV coinfection patients. Among which, 64 were newly infected HIV, accounting for 20.78%. HIV positive rate among TB patients decreased from 2.42% (32/1322) in 2012 to 0.50% (20/3995) in 2020 (APC=-16.64, t=-7.007, P<0.001), and the rate of active TB in HIV/AIDS patients also showed a decreasing trend from 1.02% (50/4912) in 2012 to 0.21% (25/11878) in 2020 (APC=-14.27, t=-4.038, P=0.005). Multivariate logistic regression showed that males (OR (95%CI)=5.386 (2.306-12.581)), ages 36 to 75 (36-45, 46-55, 56-65, 66-75 OR (95%CI) values were 26.243 (3.230-213.244), 32.736 (3.993-268.358), 20.309 (2.482-166.144), 13.461 (1.692-107.059)), death during tuberculosis treatment (OR (95%CI)=14.875 (3.192-69.312)), and comorbid with extra pulmonary tuberculosis (OR (95%CI)=3.451 (1.607-7.409)) were a risk factors for MTB/HIV infection. Conclusion The current MTB and HIV co-infection detection model adopted in Shanghai has achieved good results, and the HIV-positive rate of TB patients and the active TB diagnosis rate in HIV/AIDS patients have decreased rapidly. Males, aged 36 to 75, dead during treatment, and comorbid with extra pulmonary tuberculosis are the risk factors for MTB/HIV infection.

Key words: Tuberculosis, HIV, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Superinfection