Seven hundred and ninety-six MDR-PTB cases were collected from the Tuberculosis Information Management System (TIMS) of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CCDCP) and the province’s 7 large tuberculosis specialized hospitals between July 1, 2014 and June 30, 2015. Among them, there were 150 cases from CCDCP and 646 cases from specialized hospitals. A total of 393 patients with detailed address were screened out, including 150 cases from CCDCP and 243 cases from specialized hospitals. The household survey using a standardized questionnaire was conducted on 278 MDR-PTB cases who consented to the survey. The items of the questionnaire included the basic information, situation of visits, registration and entry, treatment and financial burden. Data of registration, treatment and current status of treatment of the MDR-PTB patients were analyzed.

Among the patients surveyed, 100.0% (150/150) of the MDR-PTB patients from CCDCP were registered and entered in the TIMS, while only 2.2% (14/646) of the MDR-PTB patients from specialized hospitals were registered and entered in the TIMS; the difference was statistically significant (χ ²=712.27, P<0.01). The treatment rate of the patients identified by CCDCP was 54.8% (63/115), and the treatment rate of the patients identified by the specialized hospitals was 92.6% (151/163); the difference between was statistically significant (χ ²=54.34, P<0.01). The adherence rate to treatment was 69.8% (44/63) and 78.1% (118/151) for patients identified by the CCDCP and specialized hospitals, respectively, with no statistical significance (χ ²=1.66,P=0.198). The main factor affecting patients’ adherence to treatment was economic burden (63.5% (33/52) and 75.1% (9/12) of the patients from the CCDCP and specialized hospitals), followed by inconvenient access to medicine (26.9% (14/52) and 8.3% (1/12) of the patients from the CCDCP and specialized hospitals).

The rate of patient registration and information entry in tuberculosis hospital is low. Thus, we need to establish a seamless medical defense and cooperation mechanism. The main reason for treatment interruption is economic burden. It is necessary to strive for the support of the local medical insurance policy, improve the reimbursement rate and reduce the burden of patients.