The current status and influencing factors of preoperative anxiety in patients with cervical lymph node tuberculosis

doi:10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20260179

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: To investigate the current status of preoperative anxiety among patients with cervical lymph node tuberculosis, identify independent influencing factors, and provide a scientific basis for targeted nursing interventions to alleviate anxiety and promote postoperative recovery. Methods: A convenience sample of 94 patients with cervical lymph node tuberculosis scheduled for elective surgery at Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from October 2023 to September 2024 was enrolled. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0. Results: The mean preoperative anxiety standard score of the 94 patients was 59.06±17.89, significantly higher than the Chinese national norm (33.80±5.90, t=12.345, P<0.001). Among them, 28 (29.8%) had no anxiety, 14 (14.9%) had mild anxiety, 21 (22.3%) had moderate anxiety, and 31 (33.0%) had severe anxiety; 55.3% (52/94) exhibited moderate or higher anxiety. The total social support score was 42.87±13.29. Pearson correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation between preoperative anxiety and social support (r=-0.499, P<0.001). Multivariate linear regression identified female sex (β=6.515,95%CI:0.925-12.105), college degree or above (β=12.007,95%CI:6.232-17.782), history of ≥2 tuberculosis-related surgeries (β=12.462,95%CI:5.690-19.235), lack of disease awareness (β=-11.471,95%CI:-17.286--5.657), and low social support score (β=-0.228,95%CI:-0.527--0.033) related to preoperative anxiety. Conclusion: Preoperative anxiety is highly prevalent and severe in patients with cervical lymph node tuberculosis. High-risk groups include female patients, those with higher education, multiple previous tuberculosis-related surgeries, insufficient disease awareness, and low social support. Personalized nursing interventions are recommended to alleviate anxiety before surgery.

Key words: Tuberculosis,lymph node, Neck, Anxiety, Social support, Risk factors, Perioperative nursing

CLC Number:

Huang Liping, Gu Wenju, Bao Peiyu, Shen Jiayi, Song Yanzheng, Zhang Lin. The current status and influencing factors of preoperative anxiety in patients with cervical lymph node tuberculosis[J]. Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis, 2026, 48(9): 1324-1330. doi: 10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20260179

Figures/Tables 3

References 30

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变量	例数[构成比(%)]	焦虑标准评分(分,$\overline{\mathit{x}}$±s)	统计检验值	P值
性别			t=2.915	0.005
男性	34(36.2)	52.3±16.8
女性	60(63.8)	63.0±17.5
年龄(岁)			t=-0.405	0.524
<50	83(88.3)	58.5±18.2
≥50	11(11.7)	63.4±14.1
受教育程度			t=-2.290	0.024
中专/高中及以下	41(43.6)	53.2±17.1
大专及以上	53(56.4)	63.6±17.3
婚姻状况			t=-1.843	0.069
未婚	37(39.4)	55.4±18.6
已婚/离异/丧偶	57(60.6)	61.4±17.1
职业			F=2.397	0.090
在职	73(77.7)	60.12±16.95
无业	15(16.0)	51.87±18.34
离退休	6(6.3)	66.83±21.77
居住地			t=1.286	0.560
城镇	81(86.2)	58.1±17.5
农村	13(13.8)	64.5±18.9
家庭月收入(元)			t=-0.400	0.690
<5000	32(34.0)	58.2±18.5
≥5000	62(66.0)	59.5±17.3
医疗费用支付方式			t=1.080	0.283
全自费或其他^a	28(29.8)	56.4±18.2
城镇职工医保/城乡居民医保	66(70.2)	60.6±17.1
结核病相关手术次数			t=-6.919	<0.001
1	68(72.3)	55.1±16.8
≥2	26(27.7)	69.4±17.2
术前住院时间(d)			t=0.655	0.514
<5	47(50.0)	60.2±18.1
≥5	47(50.0)	57.9±17.5
了解自身疾病			t=2.752	0.007
是	38(40.4)	52.8±16.5
否	56(59.6)	63.3±17.8
并发基础疾病			t=-3.161	0.002
是	33(35.1)	65.2±18.5
否	61(64.9)	55.7±16.8

变量名称	赋值方式	变量名称	赋值方式
性别(X₁)	男性=0,女性=1	了解自身病情(X₄)	是=1,否=0
受教育程度(X₂)	中专/高中及以下=0,大专及以上=1	并发基础疾病(X₅)	是=1,否=0
手术次数(X₃)	1次=0,≥2次=1	社会支持得分(X₆)	原始数值录入

变量	回归系数 (β值)	s${}_{\overline{\mathit{x}}}$值	标准化回归系数(β值)	t值	P值	β的95%CI值	容差	VIF值
女性	6.515	2.812	0.176	2.317	0.023	0.925~12.105	0.929	1.077
大专及以上	12.007	2.905	0.335	4.133	<0.001	6.232~17.782	0.817	1.224
手术次数≥2次	12.462	3.407	0.340	3.657	<0.001	5.690~19.235	0.618	1.618
了解自身病情	-11.471	2.925	-0.316	-3.921	<0.001	-17.286~-5.657	0.823	1.215
并发基础疾病	2.639	3.008	0.071	0.877	0.382	-3.340~8.618	0.823	1.216
社会支持得分	-0.228	0.124	-0.208	-2.257	0.026	-0.527~-0.033	0.629	1.590
常数项	59.089	6.989	-	8.454	<0.001	45.198~72.981	-	-