Abstract: Objective  To analyze the Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug-resistance situation of sputum culture positive patients visiting Tai’an TB Prevention and Treatment Hospital.   Methods  From January 2011 to December 2011,  a total of 233 sputum culture positive patients visited Tai’an TB Prevention and Treatment Hospital, we analyzed their drug susceptibility situation for 6 kinds of anti-TB drugs, namely S, Km, INH, RFP, EMB and PAS and their resistance pattern. According to the treatment history, patients were divided into new patients group (171 cases) and retreatment group (62 cases). Chi-square test was used to analyze if the difference is statistically significant (P<0.05).   Results  The overall drug-resistant rate of 233 sputum culture patients was 52.36% (122/233), with 51.46% (88/171) in new patients and 54.84% (34/62) in retreatment patients. Sputum culture positive patients had high drug susceptibility rate to first line drugs, with the highest of INH (30.04%,70/233), followed by S (24.46%,57/233), EMB (23.18%,54/233) and RFP(16.74%,39/233). In terms of resistance pattern, the majority was multi-drug resistant  TB (50.00% 61/122), followed by single-drug resistant  TB (28.69%,35/122) and multi-drug resistant (MDR) TB (21.31%,26/122). The overall MDR-TB rate was 11.16% (26/233), with 19.35%(12/62) in new patients and 8.19%(14/171) in new patients, the difference between two groups is statistically significant(χ²=5.724，P<0.05). The MDR-TB rate (23.08%,6/26) in patients ever used anti-TB drugs was higher than those never taken anti-TB drugs before (5.52%,8/145), and the difference is statistically significant(χ²=6.699，P<0.05). Conclusion  The overall drug-resistance rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and INH, S, EMB, RFP drug-resistance rates are high in sputum culturepositive patients visiting Tai’an TB Prevention and Treatment Hospital, and the retreatment and new patients who had taken anti-TB drugs before are more likely to develop MDR-TB.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Drug resistance, bacterial, Taian city